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Houston (/ˈhjuːstən/ (listen); HEW-stən) is the most populous city in Texas, the most populous city in the Southern United States, the fourth-most populous city in the United States, and the sixth-most populous city in North America, with a population of 2,304,580 in 2020. Located in Southeast Texas near Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, it is the seat and largest city of Harris County and the principal city of the Greater Houston metropolitan area, which is the fifth-most populous metropolitan statistical area in the United States and the second-most populous in Texas after Dallas–Fort Worth. Houston is the southeast anchor of the greater megaregion known as the Texas Triangle.

Comprising a land area of 640.4 square miles (1,659 km2), Houston is the ninth-most expansive city in the United States (including consolidated city-counties). It is the largest city in the United States by total area whose government is not consolidated with a county, parish, or borough. Though primarily in Harris County, small portions of the city extend into Fort Bend, and Montgomery counties, bordering other principal communities of Greater Houston such as Sugar Land and The Woodlands.

The city of Houston was founded by land investors on August 30, 1836, at the confluence of Buffalo Bayou and White Oak Bayou (a point now known as Allen's Landing) and incorporated as a city on June 5, 1837. The city is named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had won Texas's independence from Mexico at the Battle of San Jacinto 25 miles (40 km) east of Allen's Landing. After briefly serving as the capital of the Texas Republic in the late 1830s, Houston grew steadily into a regional trading center for the remainder of the 19th century.

Ningxia Hui Autonomous region, referred to as Ning, is one of China's five autonomous regions, the capital of Yinchuan. It is located in the inland area of northwest China, bounded by latitude 35 °14 & # 39 in north latitude and longitude 104o 17 & # 39 in east longitude, bordering Shaanxi in the east, Inner Mongolia in the west and Inner Mongolia in the north and Gansu in the south. Ningxia Hui Autonomous region has a total area of 66400 square kilometers. The topography of Ningxia is gradually inclined from southwest to northeast, with numerous hills and gullies. The topography is divided into three major plates: the Yellow River diversion irrigation area in the north, the arid zone in the middle and the mountain area in the south. Ningxia is located in the Yellow River system, the terrain is high in the south and low in the north, showing a ladder-like decline, the whole region belongs to temperate continental arid and semi-arid climate. By the end of 2018, Ningxia Hui Autonomous region had jurisdiction over 5 prefecture-level cities, 9 municipal districts,
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