Yanqing County in the suburbs of Beijing is a good place with many colorful natural and cultural landscapes. On July 10, 2012, the reporter went to see the majestic Shuiguan Great Wall cut off by the construction of China's first self-designed Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, and an unsolved ancient mystery located 20 kilometers northwest of the Badaling Great Wall. The most famous cultural relic - Guyaju.
After arriving at the Shuiguan Great Wall, Cao Hongsen, then deputy general manager of the Badaling Shuiguan Great Wall Tourism Company, received us personally and accompanied us on a sightseeing tour. But what the reporter didn't expect was that when talking about the Shuiguan Great Wall with Mr. Cao, he revealed that the Shuiguan Great Wall Scenic Area has suffered many inexplicable grievances over the years.
Mr. Cao said: I don't know why? Many tourists mistakenly believe that the Shuiguan Great Wall is not the real Great Wall compared with the Badaling Great Wall. In fact, this is a big mistake. The fact is: the Shuiguan Great Wall located 40 kilometers northwest of Beijing is not only an important part of the Badaling Great Wall, but also has a very profound cultural heritage in its scenic spot.
Seventy-two scenic spots around the scenic area are scattered around the Great Wall like pearls. Many scenic spots such as Danqin Gorge, Jinyu Pond, Stone Buddha Temple, and Camel Rock are scattered in a space of 25,000 square meters, and there are also cultural landscapes such as Zhan Tianyou's former residence. It provides tourists with rich tourism and cultural resources.
We walked and chatted, passed through the Tieyixiong gate building of the Shuiguan Great Wall, and it suddenly became clear to us that this is the cultural square of the Shuiguan Great Wall covering an area of 6,000 square meters. On one side of the square is a 80-meter-long and 8-meter-high The huge Great Wall cultural relief wall made of red copper vividly shows the magnificent scene of Qi Jiguang's supervising the construction of the Great Wall through the exploration, drawing, construction supervision, quarrying, kiln firing, and wall building of various characters.
Ascending to the Jiancheng Tower of the Zhengguan Great Wall at Shuiguan, Cao Hongsen pointed to the beacon tower of the six-eye tower on the far right and told the reporter: Generally speaking, most of the beacon towers on the Great Wall are three or four-eye towers, and as the starting point of Badaling Chuanzi No. 1 The beacon tower is a six-eye building, which shows that it was a very important military strategic fortress at that time.
We are currently in Zhengguan Archery Tower, which is 15.63 meters high and 12 meters wide on average. The city wall is built with bluestone bricks along the mountain. The boundary markers built by craftsmen from Shandong and Sichuan are still faintly visible today. The hillside is full of strange peaks and rocks, precipitous and steep. When you climb the Great Wall, you can see that the Great Wall is like a giant dragon flying among the mountains full of autumn.
Mr. Cao then told the reporter emotionally: In fact, the Badaling Shuiguan Great Wall has a long history, and it has gone through wind, frost, snow and rain for more than 400 years. Shuiguan Great Wall is the ruins of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty. It was built under the supervision of Qi Jiguang, a famous anti-Japanese general. This section of the Great Wall was built at the entrance of the dangerous valley. , the archery tower is the enemy tower and also has the function of a water gate. This kind of construction method is extremely rare in the Great Wall along the line, so it is called the Shuiguan Great Wall. The terrain of Shuiguan Great Wall is dangerous. The Canglong undulates among the high mountains and walks on the cliffs. The castles are connected with each other. The beacon towers look forward, and the double-sided arrow stacks resist thousands of enemies. The Shuiguan Great Wall starts from "Chuanzi No. 1" in the east and ends at the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway in the west, with a total length of 6.8 kilometers. It is famous for its strangeness, danger, steepness and firmness.
The four seasons here are picturesque, the spring is full of flowers, the summer is full of vegetation, the autumn is full of red leaves, and the winter is full of snow. In spring, people will fully appreciate the greatness of the Chinese nation by seeing the mountain flowers blooming on both sides of the Great Wall and the Great Wall in the distance like clouds and smoke. Basketball superstar Jordan and F1 racing driver Toya have all visited the Shuiguan Great Wall. The background of "Chinese" sung by Hong Kong entertainment superstar Andy Lau is the Shuiguan Great Wall. The Shuiguan Great Wall has increasingly become a tourist attraction among many Great Wall attractions.
Go through the Zhengguan Archery Tower and go to another high beacon tower to the left. Looking down from here, you can clearly see the "human" shape of the Shuiguan Great Wall. This section of the Great Wall is the eastern section of the Badaling Great Wall. The self-designed Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was cut off. And Mr. Zhan Tianyou, the engineer who designed this railway, is even more famous. Walking westward for three kilometers along the Great Wall, people can see China's first railway, the "Jingzhang Railway" and the "people"-shaped railway. Mr. Cao joked: Maybe Mr. Zhan Tianyou was also inspired by the "herringbone" shaped Shuiguan Great Wall when he designed this railway...
And at the foot of the Shuiguan Great Wall, the small courtyard where Mr. Zhan Tianyou worked in the past is here. This ordinary small courtyard has three main rooms and one side room on each side. At present, some precious historical pictures of Zhan Tianyou when he built the railway are displayed in the main room. Through these documents, we can appreciate the demeanor of modern great men from one side.
Coming down from the Shuiguan Great Wall, we came to the Danqinxia ancient post road that was under planning when Kangxi traveled westward. This nearly 1-kilometer-long Danqinxia ancient post road has historical relics such as Wuguitou and Wulang Statue, as well as natural and cultural landscapes such as Buddhist temples, Guandi Temple, Guanyin Pavilion, Maitreya Tingyin, and Foye Terrace.
Walking into the ancient post road of Tanqin Gorge, you can see the steep cliff, not far to the east, with six characters "Tanqin Gorge, Wuguitou" inscribed on the stone cliff. This was originally the famous landscape of Guangou: "Tanqin Gorge". In ancient times, there were winding peaks here, green mountains and beautiful waters, two mountains facing each other, stone walls facing each other, and clear streams flowing in the middle. The stream flows down from the gentle slope and flows between the stone gaps. The poem "The moon is made of gold and the wind makes the strings. How can the clear sound be hit by the finger? Boya has a unique high mountain tune, which is written among the pines, wind and rocks."
Wei Yuan, a poet of the Qing Dynasty, described this scenic spot as: "There is no return to the battlefield, but I am looking for the Xiangqin Gorge." Rocks filled the valley. Now the inscriptions on the stone walls are still there, and the beautiful sound of the stream swirling in the canyon is no longer there.
At noon that day, the Central People’s Broadcasting Station’s Voice of Hong Kong’s “Cultural Journey” program connected with reporters on the spot. The accompanying CCTV reporter Tan Shu introduced the feelings of the Shuiguan Great Wall to the Hong Kong audience vividly through radio waves. And the unique natural and cultural landscape of the Great Wall Cultural Water Pass.
Ji Zhi, the general manager of Badaling Shuiguan Great Wall Scenic Area at the time, said: The Shuiguan Great Wall shows people the 5,000-year-old history of the Chinese nation with its unique natural scenery and multi-level knowledge. The representative works that best represent the wisdom of the Chinese nation are displayed in front of people, so that tourists here can fully appreciate the rich connotation of five thousand years of culture. Zhang Zhe, general manager of Zhongtang International Travel Service, told the reporter that she attaches great importance to the cultural connotation of Shuiguan Great Wall. In recent years, she has sent thousands of tourists from Henan and Shandong to visit here, and has won praise from many tourists.
As soon as the reporter drove away from Shuiguan Great Wall Scenic Area, we drove to the ancient cliff dwelling located in Zhangshanying Town, Yanqing County, northwest of Badaling, adjacent to Gui River in the south and Haituo in the north. Cliff-dwelling caves excavated on steep rock walls. So far, it has the magic of a millennium unsolved mystery.
Accompanied by Mr. Han Zhanli of Guyaju Scenic Area, the reporter and his party walked along the mountain road of Guyaju Scenic Area. After walking a section of the mountain road in the Grand Canyon, you can see a piece of wonderful ancient cliff dwelling landscape in the mountains when you climb up and look far away. I saw that on the steep rock walls standing on three sides of the canyon, there are many artificially carved large stone chambers, either rectangular or square, the large ones are more than 20 square meters, and the small ones are only 3-4 square meters; 2--3 rooms are connected; or the suites are parallel, or the upper and lower floors; and there are typical "three-bedrooms".
Guyaju has the most caves on the east wall of Qiangou, with 48 caves, a total of 43 caves on the north and south walls; 26 caves on the east wall of Hougou. There are 117 caves and more than 350 bays in the front, middle and back parts. The caves are adjacent to each other and form a natural village. Generally, the caves are three-bedroom rooms with one light and two dark rooms, and there are also single and double rooms. The height is about 2 meters, the depth is 1-6 meters, and the area is about 3-20 square meters.
Under the mountain ridge between the front and back ditch, there is a large palace-like cave with two floors, facing east and west. The lower floor is the main hall with stone cases in the hall. It is very similar to a meeting hall or meeting hall, and the locals call it "Guantangzi", "Jinluandian" and "Guya Hotel".
There are 6 finely carved stone pillars in the hall to support the upper floor. The upper floor is the living room, which is similar in shape to the lower floor. According to legend, there was an original plaque in front of the cave, which read "Qingshui County Government". In all the caves, doors, windows, kangs, stoves, mangers, wall kitchens, flues, etc. are all available, and the circle is round, and the square is square, all of which are Chinese and aesthetic rules. The door frames, hinges, and air holes are finely chiseled, with edges and corners, and the chisel marks are faintly visible. Close your eyes, it seems that you can smell the smell of cooking smoke, coming through the silence of history.
The magic of Yanqing Ancient Cliff Residence also lies in its interpretation of the miraculous achievements of ancient architecture with magnificent and exquisite craftsmanship. All the stone chambers have no pillars or beams, but they can set up the structure of the building; there are no ladders, no boards, but there are multiple layers up and down, and the layers are connected. And all the stone chambers are round if round and square if square, which conform to the aesthetic rules and show a primitive aesthetic appeal.
Standing in the stone chamber and contemplating it is like being in a historical scripture pavilion. All the stone caves are like books without words, reproducing the gold and iron horses and slash-and-burn farming at that time, so that future generations can read the heroic and heroic from the dignified atmosphere. Themes of war and peace.
There are also several clearly visible dike rocks that have undergone geological changes for 130 million years, and the naturally formed stone walls between the mountains will make people sigh the mystery of nature. So much so that it was called "China's first labyrinth, Beijing's second Zhoukoudian, Beijing's Dunhuang, and the "Goldbach's conjecture" of humanities and arts. Mr. Du Xianzhou, president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, praised it as a blank in the history of architecture. The precious jade that has yet to be carved in the history of cultural relics, the beauty raised in the boudoir by the tourism industry.
Now it has won the titles of "Beijing Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit", "Beijing Scenic Area", "National Youth Popular Science Education Base", "Capital Civilized Scenic Spot", "Green and Safe Scenic Spot", and resource unit of "Social Classroom" for primary and secondary school students at the municipal level and many other honorary titles. It is one of the famous scenic spots in Yanqing, Beijing for people to carry out popular science exploration tourism. (Photo: Feng Ganyong)
