Chapter 1297: The path of Wanzhuhuang is green and shaded, and the wind chimes on the pagoda sound outside the sky

Chapter 1297: The path of Wanzhuhuang is green and shaded, and the wind chimes on the pagoda sound outside the sky

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The path of Zhuhuang is green and shady, and the wind chimes on the tower sound from outside the sky; when the clouds bloom, a thousand villages are quiet in the middle of the night, and in the middle of the moon, thousands of valleys are bright.

We read and write poetry not for fun, but because we are part of the human race, and human beings are passionate. Yes, medicine, law, engineering, business, construction sites, these are all noble pursuits, enough to sustain a person for a lifetime. But poetry, beauty, romance, and love are the meaning of our life.

I hurriedly asked passers-by where the Wangu Temple was, but after consulting for a long time, I finally figured out that there are usually buses to the Wangu Temple only during festivals and worshiping Buddha, and there are no buses to take in the off-season. , I can only get there by chartered car. I reluctantly went to the street to look for a car. Later, I met a Mr. Tan An’an who drove a seven-seater car. He is a local. He said he could drive me to Wangu Temple. The round-trip price is 40 yuan, I bargained down to 30 yuan,

After getting in the car, the car started to run, and I found out that Wangu Temple is still very far from Pujiu Temple. It is said that Wangu Temple was built by the apprentice of the abbot of Pujiu Temple. It is very remote at the foot of Zhongtiao Mountain. But that's exactly what I like! Pujiu Temple is close to the town market, full of incense and bustling. It is suitable for group tourists, while Wangu Temple is quiet and elegant, with few tourists and few people. It is a place for self-cultivation. Several cars, a middle-aged couple drove over,

I saw a middle-aged couple climbing the steps. I hurriedly followed them. When I arrived at the gate of the temple, I thought I could go in directly, because very few people came here to visit. As a result, a staff member stood at the gate and said that tickets and fares would be charged. 30 yuan, the rich couple thought the fare was too high, so they turned around and left. I thought that people with cars think the ticket is expensive, let alone me.

But I have admired the green brick pagoda of Wangu Temple for a long time, and I have already reached the gate today, so it would be a pity not to go in again. When I walked to the archway of the "First Zen Forest" just now, I wanted to go in and visit the Daxiong Hall. I thought that it is not necessary to visit the Pujiu Temple, but you must go in to see the Wangu Temple.

So I paid 30 yuan and walked into the mountain temple alone. When I went to visit the temple, I only encountered two or three tourists. Most of the time it was very quiet, but some areas were under construction, and some workers were busy inside and outside the temple. I heard that Wangu Temple has been contracted by a private owner. It will manage and operate for 30 years, and has been contracted for 20 years now.

The boss thinks that the business is not good, the pagoda is not well maintained, and the ticket income is declining year by year, so recently he plans to repair the temple to attract tourists, so it is not known whether the maintenance workers are professional or not. I walked outside some halls and saw workers climbing up the tiled roofs to clean up the weeds. The pagoda is currently being repaired. I was not allowed to go up, but the administrator said that if I gave ten yuan, I could climb up and have a look. After that, I paid another ten yuan, but just as I was about to climb up, several workers came to join in the fun and began to climb up with me. The newly installed stairs were very narrow, but now several people rushed over.

There was an iron ladder on the first floor, which surprised me. The second floor was damaged to install the iron ladder. The workers behind did not bring flashlights. They all just climbed to the second and third floors and went down. I was the only one who climbed to the top of the tower. People, it is full of bird droppings, many pigeons are flying, and one of them is squatting in the middle of the tower. I can't drive the bird away even if I slap the brick tower.

It is a pity that the blue bricks are full of scratches from the visit. I even found a signature nearly fifty years ago, indicating that the tower has not been well protected recently. If you give money, you can go up the tower at will If you destroy it, the consequences will be very serious. I overlooked it from the tower, and the mountain scenery is beautiful.

Later, when I got down from the pagoda, I met a man who looked like a cadre. He was in charge of maintenance. He said that there is no big kiln to fire such good green bricks. It is very difficult to maintain the pagoda. I walked around the pagoda. Looking at the pagoda standing silently in the mountains and forests, I am filled with emotions. Compared with the popular temples in the city, Wangu Temple is very quiet. Unfortunately, there is not even a monk in the temple now.

Wangu Temple is located at the foot of Zhongtiao Mountain in the southwest of Yongji City. It was built in the Northern Wei Dynasty. It was originally named "Yaozai Temple". . The Duobao Pagoda of Wangu Temple and the Yingying Pagoda of Pujiu Temple are called sister pagodas. It is said that there are four treasures "Jade Buddha, Aquarius, Relics, and Golden Buddhist Scriptures" as the town of the pagoda, so it is named "Duobao Pagoda". But the historical changes have long been lost. The railings around the tower base are carved with dragon patterns and lotus patterns in the middle. The tower body is octagonal and has thirteen floors, fifty-four meters high, decreasing regularly from bottom to top. The exterior of the pagoda is decorated with exquisite brick-carved bucket arches and dense eaves, and wind chimes are hung on the corners of the eaves.

There are doors on each floor leading to platforms. The poet Liu Shiqi left a good line "The bamboo and bamboo trails are green and shaded, and the wind chimes on the pagoda sound outside the sky". Climbing up to the eighth floor, standing on the outer eaves and looking at the green mountains and green mountains, I have the urge to embrace. Listening to the faint and apparent sound under the pagoda makes people "suddenly feel that the six roots are quiet and floating, as if they are outside the heaven and earth". The pines and cypresses in the temple are still in motion, solemn and peaceful. Geng Ji, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, looked down at the river here, and his mind was suddenly relieved, leaving behind the famous poem "The clouds bloom in the middle of the night, a thousand villages are quiet, and the moon rises in the middle of the peak, and thousands of valleys are bright". Along the stone path at the foot of the mountain, you come to the gate of Wangu Temple, which is known as the first Zen forest in Zhongtiao.

It may have been tall and majestic in the past, but now there is only a shadow wall standing silently beside the road. At this time, turn to the left, and the Bell Tower and Drum Tower standing on the cliff will come into your eyes. In ancient times, the bells of temples also played a role in telling the time for the surrounding people. Walking up the twenty-eight steps of the bell tower, facing the mountain wind, listening to the chirping of mountain birds, it seems that the honest and melodious bells sounded in my ears. Behind the Bell and Drum Tower is the broad Wei'e Daxiong Palace. According to the inscriptions of past dynasties outside the hall, the big Buddha built on the cliff in the middle of the hall is about five feet high and covered with gold powder. People standing in the hall can't see the Buddha's head. Four people can sit on the feet of the big Buddha to play cards. picture.

It's a pity that a fire during the Tongzhi period left only the walls and niches around the Daxiong Hall. Although the newly restored Guanyin Hall is extraordinary in momentum, it is comparable to the Daxiong Hall, but it is really regrettable not to have a chance to see the style of the Daxiong Hall. According to records, on the south side of the Daxiong Palace is a stone platform with several steps up, which is called "sixty-four ladders", which represents the meaning of sixty-four hexagrams. On the left side of it, the green cypresses add to the tranquility, and on the right side, the bamboo shadows dance. Tourists first, not only can stay away from the noise and chaos of the city, indulge in it, but also let the horse of thought gallop in the tunnel of time and space.

The heat wave at the foot of the mountain is threatening, but the cool breeze is blowing in the temple, which is refreshing. No wonder there are still an endless stream of visitors to Wangu Temple in Shengxia. "Water flows from the root of the stone, and wind blows from the top of the mountain" is Su Dongpo's true description of this place. On the east side of the ancient pagoda, the two-storey Three-Buddha Cave, which sits east to west and leans against the cliff, is in the famous "Wuliang Hall". The "Elysium of Paradise" in the lower three caves is connected, spacious and bright, and houses three Buddha statues.

The upper three holes are even more unique and novel. Although they are all built with bricks, the top is shaped like a vaulted caisson. The brick carvings on both sides outside the cave, in the middle, are "Double Dragons Playing with Pearls". The wisdom and unique skills of the working people of the Han nationality in ancient China are vividly displayed. There is a beautiful stream under the Wangu Temple in Shanmen, and the sound of gurgling water can be heard far away. Five-storey Buddhist halls were successively built on the mountainside in Quanshi Shengjing, and all the buildings were made of bricks. There is no entrance on the west side of the front hall, only the east gate.

There is an altar in the center of the hall, on which there are four Buddhas, but all of them have been damaged, and it is unknown what happened. The second floor is the Daxiong Hall, which is a magnificent building. But the roof collapsed, and the main statue of the Buddha has been dismantled into mud. On the left side of the stone steps in front of the hall, there is a stele of "rebuilding the Wangu Temple" (written by Wang Lian) in February of the 28th year of Wanli (1600). ). There is also a scripture building on the left and right of the gate, which seems to be a relic of the Ming Dynasty. There are also two broken stones on the right side of the hall, and a lotus seat under the scripture building, which looks like something from the Song Dynasty.

On the north side between these two halls, there are three halls of scholars, with the north facing the south. The hall has completely collapsed, even the roof is gone, and the main statue is exposed to the wind and rain. In front of the hall, there are "Records of Rebuilding Wangu Temple" written in August of the sixth year of Wanli (1578) and a "Records of Rebuilding Wangu Temple" (written by a monk from the Western Regions who built Daci'en Temple) with no date of writing, and " Inscriptions Rebuilt and Preface to Wangu Temple, Zhongtiao Mountain, Hezhong Prefecture, Dasong Dynasty" (written by Liu Qi) three-way stone stele, with the following four-way stone inscriptions embedded on the front wall. In March of the sixth year of Kaibao (973) in the record of Yuegongdaozhe Pagoda of Wangu Temple in the Song Dynasty, it is described by Yawei, the former envoy. In April of the third year of Tiansheng (1025), the new Jili Pagoda was built at Wangu Temple in Zhongtiao Mountain, Hezhong Prefecture, Song Dynasty.

Master Fuyan's tower inscription has reached Zhengxin (1341) and he felt auspicious. The third floor is the water and land hall, the entrance is on the east side, and there are bell towers and drum towers on the left and right. On the walls of the hall, a statue of heaven is carved in each area, and a total of forty-two statues of heaven are carved. Volume 1 and 2 of Guangxu County Chronicle: "There are thirty-six stone statues of the heavens, lined up between the walls, like the names of those who published Tan Shi's surname but no paintings, so it is said that it is the traces of Wu Zhou and Cao Daoxuan, but it is not true, only paintings Fashang is exquisite and impressive." The fourth floor is an octagonal thirteen-story pagoda. On the south side of the pagoda, there is a stone forehead embedded with the four characters "Duobao Pagoda" engraved in the 14th year of Wanli.

The tower is built on an octagonal base with entrances on all four sides. The tower is slender, and there are no false doors and windows on each floor. The eaves of the towers on each floor are composed of stacked bricks and covered tiles, and only the first floor has brick bucket arches. Its architectural form is completely in the late style, which fully reflects the architectural style of the Wanli period in the late Ming Dynasty. What's more, there is also the "Wangu Rebuilt Pagoda" (written by Wang Chongwen) in April of the 14th year of Wanli. It can be confirmed that the current shape of the pagoda was completely built during this period. The above-mentioned "Records of the New Relic Pagoda" written by Song Tiansheng in the third year should be about the predecessor of this pagoda.

The Ji Jiyun was originally a nine-story brick pagoda built by Dao Zhen, but now there is no trace of it at all. The fifth floor is the Tathagata Hall, which is also built of bricks, with three rooms on the front and two floors. There is a stone forehead embedded in the middle, and the inscription "Elysium of Paradise" is inscribed by Wang Qian, a county man in the 19th year of Wanli (1591). Although the damage to this temple was relatively light, there was almost nothing left inside, and it was extremely dilapidated. The only thing worth seeing is the round patio built by each uphill bucket arch. This architectural form is the so-called Beamless Hall, and the construction form of its brackets is the same as the eaves of the Duobao Pagoda, which just shows that the Tathagata Hall and the pagoda were built at the same time.

The upper floor is called the Bhikkhu Hall, and the four stones on the left and right are engraved with "Wang Bo Sakyamuni's Enlightenment" created by Fudeng in the 24th year of Wanli (1596). The upper floor has a wide field of vision. To the west, you can see the sparkling Yellow River in the distance, and on the opposite side, you can see Huashan Mountain in light clouds and mist. Volume 101 of "The Unification of the Qing Dynasty" records the history of the temple as follows. The temple was built during the Tang Dynasty (847 to 859). It was originally named Jianyuan and later changed to its current name.

During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, the five temples of Baishi, Zantan, Zhuxi, Yungai, and Jingtu were merged. Although the theory of Dazhong’s construction of the temple cannot be confirmed, judging from the remnants of the Jingzhu and the stone carvings of the Song Dynasty, it is basically certain that the temple was built in the late Tang Dynasty. of. The existing buildings are basically from the late Ming Dynasty, and there were not many renovations in the Qing Dynasty. Outside the mountain gate stands the "Inscription on the Reconstruction of the Water and Land Hall of Wangu Temple" written in the 50th year of Kangxi (1711), which shows that the Qing Dynasty seems to have made major renovations to the Water and Land Hall.

According to records, the current scale of Wangu Temple is the result of the reconstruction of Fudeng Miaofeng during the Wanli period. Miaofeng was born in Puzhou, and there is a brief biography of him in Volume 15 of Guangxu's "Yongji County Chronicles". According to records, when he was young, he practiced at Zantan Temple in Zhongtiao Mountain. After three years, he was proficient in his studies.

He also built a bronze hall in Mount Emei and Mount Wutai respectively, and built temples of Xiantong, Longquan, and Yinqian in Wutai, and finally died in Xiantong Temple. Now when you climb Mount Wutai, you can still see the tomb tower with Miaofeng on the west mountain of Taihuai Town. This is an octagonal five-story brick tower, which looks very impressive.

There is a stone tablet in front of the pagoda, engraved with his legend, titled "Records of Master Miaofeng bestowed by the emperor" (written by Su Weilin). During his lifetime, he was trusted by the empress dowager, the biological mother of Ming Shenzong (Emperor Wanli), and died in the fourteenth year of Wanli (1612), at the age of seventy-three.

Therefore, his active period was basically in the Wanli period. The so-called Bronze Hall is still in the Xiantong Temple in Mount Wutai, and it is said that the Wuliang Hall of the temple also came after Miaofeng. The Tathagata Hall and Duobao Pagoda in Wangu Temple are very consistent in form, and they are representative works of brick buildings popular in China during the Wanli period.

The same is true for the octagonal thirteen-story brick pagoda and the beamless hall of Yongzuo Temple outside Taiyuan City. There are inscriptions about the establishment of the twin pagodas on the iron gongs in this hall, and the calendar of the Xinhai period in Wanli is signed. At the same time, it is also recorded that the manager of the tower workers is Samana Fudeng Miaofeng. Wanli Xinhai is 1611, the year before Miaofeng's death.

Miaofeng was not only a famous monk at that time, but also a memorable architect, especially a master who promoted brick architecture. Duobao Pagoda is the earliest pagoda in Chinese pagoda architecture. Duobao Pagoda was built in the third year of Zhengguang in the Northern Wei Dynasty, that is, in 522 AD. It was built one year earlier than the Pagoda of Songyue Temple in Dengfeng, Henan, 89 years earlier than the Four Gate Pagoda of Qinglongshan Shentong Temple in Jinan City, Shandong, 130 years earlier than the Big Wild Goose Pagoda in Xi'an, and more than 300 years earlier than the Three Pagodas of Chongsheng Temple in Dali County, Yunnan.

From the early construction of the pagoda, it can be seen that the early construction of Wangu Temple is enough to be crowned in the mainland. The Duobao Pagoda of Wangu Temple has 13 floors and a height of 54.666 meters, second only to the three pagodas of Youguo Temple, Chongsheng Temple and Dayan Temple. The architecture of the pagoda and Buddha Light Pagoda is very peculiar. The whole pagoda is octagonal in shape. Under the bluestone slab in the middle of the pagoda base, there is an octagonal pagoda well, which is 3 meters deep, 0.5 meters wide and 0.7 meters long. .

The 1st to 9th floors of the tower are hollow, and people can climb up to the 9th floor; the 10th to 13th floors are solid, and the wooden ladder used to climb to the second floor has been replaced by an iron ladder. On double floors, you can overlook the magnificent scenery from north to south, on single floors, you can see the beautiful scenery from east to west.

There are eight protruding corners on each floor of the tower, all of which are hung with phoenix bells. The top of the pagoda is octagonal and pointed, with eight trigrams suspended in the air above the iron brake, and there is soil under the iron brake. On the soil grows a small pine tree and a pomegranate tree.

There are pomegranates on the tree every year, but no pomegranates fall down. It is said that these pomegranates were picked by the Queen Mother as fairy fruits. The Duobao Pagoda of Wangu Temple is very strong. The 8th magnitude earthquake on January 23, 1956 in the forty-fourth year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty was called "the sky collapsed in Puzhou". Thirty years after the earthquake, the craftsmen began to dismantle the tower layer by layer and repair it because of the tilt and many cracks in the tower.

It is said that on the north side of the tower, traces of shelling during the Japanese invasion of China can still be seen. The Daxiong Hall is the main hall after the expansion of the Buddhist temple, in which the Buddha Sakyamuni and his ten disciples are enshrined, and it is the main place where all living beings worship Buddha and pray for blessings. The Daxiong Hall is located in front of the Duobao Pagoda. The seated statue of the main Buddha is about five feet high, more than sixteen meters high. Sitting upright in the hall, it is tall and magnificent. The Daxiong Palace was destroyed during the Japanese invasion of China, and people can still imagine the magnificence of that year from the leftover Buddhist shrines and walls.

The Water and Land Palace is one of the halls used for Buddhist ritual gatherings. It is also called "Shuilu Daochang", "Shuilu Dharma Conference", "Shuilu Assembly", "Shuilu Zhaiyi" hall, and some people call it "Pilu Pavilion". Guodian, located in front of the tower, is more than 19 meters long and 13.9 meters deep. Every time the water and land dojo is held in the water and land hall, the duration of the dojo varies from seven days to forty-nine days. The scale of the Wangu Temple has always been relatively large, and there are dozens or even hundreds of Zen monks participating in the ceremonies.

Every time it is held, scriptures are recited, fasting is set up, Buddhas are worshiped and repented, and dead souls are recommended. The offerings are mainly food, which is used to "relieve" all ghosts on land and water, and benefit the six realms and four beings. The six realms refer to the sentient beings mentioned by Asura and the Buddha. According to the good and evil behaviors in life, there are five kinds of reincarnation tendencies, namely: hell, hungry ghost, animal, human, and heaven; four births refer to the four forms of sentient beings in the six realms That is: egg birth, viviparous birth, wet birth, and metaplasia birth.

According to legend, the water and land fasting was used as the "overthrow". Puji six ways and four lives began from Emperor Liang Wu of the Southern Dynasty. "Buddhist Tongji" said: "Liang Wudi dreamed that the monk told him: Six ways and four lives suffer immeasurably. Fasting to save money... The emperor sent to welcome the "Da Zang", read it over time, created rituals, and completed it three years later...

On February 15th of the fourth year of Tianjian, Jinshan Temple was built according to the ritual. The emperor came to the mat in person, and ordered to bless the lawyer's office... This fast is always popular in the world. "The Medicine Master Cave is located behind the Daxiong Palace, and the Medicine Master Buddha is enshrined in the cave. The Medicine Master Buddha is the leader of the "Oriental Pure Glazed World". It is said in the "Medicine Master Sutra" that he once made twelve great wishes to satisfy all the desires of all living beings. , uproot all sufferings of sentient beings, eliminate disasters and prolong life.

He wants to make all the residents of the Jingliuli world free from disease and disaster, have enough food and clothing, be free from hardships, and be happy physically and mentally. The Oriental net glass world is the pure land paradise in the Buddhist ideal. In the Yaoshi Cave, there are three statues of seated Buddha. In the middle is the Medicine Buddha, on the left side is the Bodhisattva of the Sunlight, and on the right side is the Bodhisattva of the Moonlight. The statue of Medicine Master Buddha is about 2 meters high. The left hand serves the bowl, which contains nectar, and the right hand holds the pill. Manna and pills are given to the suffering people in the world.

It is said that there is also an Arhat Hall (now destroyed) in Wangu Temple, in which the eighteen Arhats are enshrined. According to Xuanzang's translation of "Fa Zhu Ji", Sakyamuni once ordered sixteen great arhats to live in the world permanently to save all living beings. Eighteen arhats are based on the sixteen arhats, adding Qingyou, the author of "Fa Zhu Ji", as the seventeenth arhat, and repeating the first arhat, Venerable Luo, as the eighteenth arhat. In my country's Tibet region, on the basis of the sixteen arhats, Shakyamuni's biological mother Maya and Maitreya were added. There are "Eighteen Arhats" in Wangu Temple,

It was engraved on two blue stone tablets, one with ten arhats and the other with eight arhats. These arhats live in clusters in the mountains, and there are pines, cypresses, flowers and plants on the peaks. Looking at them today, they are still vivid and vivid. The Wuliang Hall is located on the back of the Duobao Pagoda. The hall is divided into upper and lower halls. It is built of one color blue bricks. It is all brick and stone structure without a large beam. The construction is strange and magnificent, with unique style and quite spectacular. temple.

第1298回：永济普救寺莺莺塔，睡仙万固寺鹳雀楼