Chapter 1317: Hall of Our Lady of Nanlaoquan, Jinci Temple, Wooden Carved Panlong Yumao Flying Beam

【Encyclopedia of Huang's Ancient Architecture】【Huang Jian's Blog Photo Collection】【Travel around to find beauty and pick up relics】

Chapter 1317: Hall of Our Lady of Nanlaoquan, Jinci Temple, Wooden Carved Panlong Yumao Flying Beam

Responding to the same sound, seeking the same breath, and enjoying the Qianqiu Festival together with others;

Zhengding City Wall was announced as a key cultural relic protection unit by Hebei on July 15, 1993. The long history has left the ancient city with magnificent and unique cultural relics, but due to the changes of historical dynasties,

Many precious cultural relics were destroyed by wind and rain. Construction is underway in front of the North City Gate of Zhengding. Heavy machinery is placing steel plates on both sides of the rammed earth site, and cranes are hoisting soil from other places into the middle of the splints. The construction of the ancient city wall has basically realized modern mechanized operations. Do you know how important it is to rebuild like this?

The right side of the north city gate of Zhengding is still rammed earth, covered with weeds. In front of it are workers laying bricks to imitate the urn city. Standing on the rammed earth wall of the ancient city, you can see the four pagodas of Zhengding. It is said that there were eight in the past. The rammed earth layer is not well protected, but it still has a certain tourism development value after restoration.

Then I walked to the city wall on the other side of the North City Gate of Zhengding. The place was even more desolate. The outside of the rammed earth wall of the ancient city was covered with trees, and there were some abandoned imitation buildings next to it. I walked to Linji Road again, looking for the old barber shop I passed by before, but when I walked past, I found that the old man had locked the door of the shop after going out.

Fortunately, there is a hairdressing shop next door. I walked in and saw a woman enjoying hair dyeing service. I sat down and read a magazine for a while, and soon it was my turn. The rude strong woman from Hebei began to cut my hair neatly. It costs 10 yuan to wash the hair,

Then I walked to the bus station, because I missed two 177 buses, which caused me to waste more than half an hour on Zhengding Street, and finally waited for the third 177 bus, and the car drove all the way to the Garden Expo Park. After getting off the bus and walking to the gate of the park, I was told that the entrance fee was 20 yuan.

Hebei Provincial Garden Expo Park is located in the center of the main axis of Zhengding New District, Shijiazhuang City, 3.2 kilometers away from Hutuo River in the south and 1.5 kilometers away from Zhengding County in the west, covering an area of ​​about 1,200 mu. In order to meet the exhibition needs of the Garden Expo, the Garden Expo Park is divided into seven functional zones, namely the main entrance square, Yanzhao Garden, social garden, special category garden, sports garden, waterfront landscape area, and mountain leisure area.

The Garden Expo Park is very remote, and opposite is a huge deserted building. I took the No. 177 bus on the return trip after shopping for a while. As soon as I got on the bus, I saw a beautiful woman playing with picked flowers. Taking a selfie, she smiled at me, still a very innocent girl.

Later, I took a bus to Nanjiao Terminus, which took an hour, and then transferred to No. 53 bus. After passing Hebei University, Hebei University of Finance and Economics and the TV Tower, after returning to Jiefang Square, I planned to take No. 7 bus to Longquan Temple.

But it may take more than two hours to go back and forth, so I had to give up. Then take bus No. 22 back to the station of the Power Supply Bureau. After wandering around for a long time, I went to a restaurant to eat donkey meat pancakes. It cost 17 yuan, and then I walked to the guest house. I happened to find that the proprietress had gone out to pick up my son after school. I waited anxiously for dozens of minutes. ,

At 17:30, the proprietress came back on the electric car. After I got my big backpack, I went straight to the train station. I got on the G619 high-speed train shortly after entering the station. I sat on the window of the 10th floor of the 15th compartment and found that The voice of the young man sitting in seat 9A was very similar to that of my classmate Lu Jiangtao. There was a mother and daughter sitting in the corridor to my left. The daughter was very tall.

The high-speed train flew all the way, and arrived at Taiyuan Railway Station in about an hour and a half. After leaving the station, I went straight to the Railway Hotel and opened a room. The price was 138 yuan, which was a special room. Later, I entered room 307. It's the most expensive hotel I've ever stayed in.

The room is very clean, with a computer and an LCD screen. I put down my big backpack and went out for a walk. After a while, I went back to the room to take a shower, and then called my family. The boss gave her a reward of 10,000 yuan for the record of teaching the thousandth class in the company, and she planned to treat her colleagues to dinner with the bonus.

On October 29, 2014, today was a cloudy day. I got up at 5 o'clock in the morning and went out around 6 o'clock. I ate a ten-yuan breakfast at a restaurant called Chongqing Snack Bar. The taste was very bad. After asking the store, he said Just cross the road and there will be bus No. 308 or 804 to Jinci Temple.

But after I crossed the road, I didn’t see the bus to Jinci at all. I had no choice but to ask an old man with an armband on duty. He said that there was only bus No. 804 on the right side of the exit of the train station. I hurriedly walked through the underground passage and arrived. On the right side of the railway station square, I found bus No. 308 at the taxi exit. There was only a beautiful woman waiting here, and there was bus No. 804 behind. let's go,

Passing many high-rise buildings along the way, I arrived at the parking lot of Jinci Temple about an hour later, surrounded by imitation buildings and restaurants everywhere. After getting off the car, a group of solicitors rushed over. I hurriedly walked to the gate of Jinci Temple. This is a very large square. I walked along the central axis towards Jinci, and passed through many gates and squares. The vegetation here is dense, and the Jinci built against the mountain is very large, with pavilions and pavilions like Jiangnan water towns.

When I walked to the gate of the scenic spot, I didn't want to buy tickets, but I saw a conductor at a window who was so beautiful. She glanced at me a few times and made me lose my mind. Now I understand why the scenic spot specially recruits graceful beauties for sale. Tickets were sold out, and these conductors made people dizzy and heartbroken, and I dared not look directly at them. In the end, I had no choice but to walk over to find a beautiful woman and buy a ticket for 75 yuan. Seeing a beautiful woman will hurt my money.

After I walked into the scenic spot, I saw many tourists one after another. When I walked to the Temple of Notre Dame, the Qin team of the Shenzhen company called me and informed me that a meeting would be held at 9 o'clock tomorrow morning. In order to save time, she promised to send me the plan in advance for review.

After that, I continued to browse the scenic spots, and then it started to rain. I have been in Shanxi for two weeks. Today is the first time I have encountered rain. I am also very lucky. It just started to rain after I finished visiting the scenic spots. up.

Jin Temple was originally named Tang Shuyu Temple, which was built in memory of Tang Shuyu, the founding prince of the Jin Kingdom. King Wu of Zhou died of illness seven years after he destroyed Yin. The eldest son Chan succeeded to the throne as King Cheng, because King Cheng was young,

Then his uncle Dan acted as the son of heaven, known in history as "Duke Zhou took the post". During the period of "Duke Zhou's shooting", the land was divided and the children of the Zhou family and the meritorious officials of the clan were entrusted to certain lands as princes according to the needs of the army.

Sima Qian, a historian of the Han Dynasty, used the story of "Jiantong Fengdi" in "Historical Records of the Jin Family" to record in detail that Yu, the younger brother of King Cheng of Zhou, was granted the title of prince of the Tang Dynasty. At the beginning of King Cheng's accession to the throne, Wu Geng's rebellion broke out in Tang State, and Duke Zhou went to Tang State to quell the civil strife.

Then one day, King Cheng and his younger brother Shuyu were playing in the yard. King Cheng picked up a leaf from the ground and

Cut it into the shape of a jade gui, and said to Shu Yu: "Here is this yu gui, and I will make you a prince of the Tang Dynasty." When Shi Yi, who stood by, heard this, he asked King Cheng to choose an auspicious day for the distribution ceremony. King Cheng said, "I'm playing a game with Shu Yu." "

But Shi Yi said: "The emperor has no jokes. Since he has said it, we must record him in the history books, celebrate him with music and dance, and fulfill him with ceremonies." So King Cheng granted Shuyu to the Tang Dynasty as a prince. After Shuyu came to the Tang Dynasty, he worked hard to govern.

Use Jinshui to build farmland water conservancy and vigorously develop agriculture, so that the people of Tang Kingdom can live and work in peace and prosperity. In the seven hundred years since its establishment, the weather has been smooth, the country is peaceful and the people are peaceful, and there is a scene of prosperity.

After Shuyu's death, in order to commemorate him, he chose this place with beautiful mountains and clear waters to build an ancestral hall to worship him, named Tang Shuyu Temple. Because there is Jin River flowing in the territory, the country name "Tang" was changed to "Jin", and the ancestral hall was renamed "Jinwang Temple", referred to as "Jin Temple". Li Daoyuan, a geographer of the Northern Wei Dynasty, wrote in his book "Shui Jing Zhu",

The description of the Jin Temple at that time: "The mountains on the west side of the marsh are surrounded by water, and there is Tang Shuyu Temple. There are more than 100 buildings of various styles in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties in the ancestral hall. Among them, the Temple of the Virgin Mary built in the Song Dynasty, the Fish Marsh Flying Beam, and the Dedicated Hall in the Jin Dynasty were identified as three national treasure buildings by the Ministry of Culture.

There are many couplets in Jinci Temple, such as: echoing with the same voice, seeking the same breath, and enjoying the Qianqiu Festival with everyone; Our tour of Jinci Temple is generally carried out in three parts: the middle, the north and the south. Middle, that is, the central axis, enters from the gate, starts from Shuijingtai, passes through Huixian Bridge, Jinrentai, Duiyuefang, Xiandian, Bell and Drum Tower, Fish Marsh Flying Beam to the Hall of Our Lady.

This is the main body of the Jin Temple, dedicated to Tang Shuyu's mother, the queen of Zhou Wuwang, and Yijiang, the mother of Zhou Chengwang. The architectural structure is rigorous and has high artistic value. Starting from Wenchang Palace in the north, there are Dongyue Temple, Guandi Temple, Sanqing Temple, Tang Shu Temple,

Chaoyang Cave, Taifengxuan, Santai Pavilion, Reading Table and Luzu Pavilion. Most of the buildings in this group are naturally arranged in an intricate manner according to the terrain, and the Chongzhen Pavilion wins. Starting from Shenglou Tower in the south, there are Baihe Pavilion, Sansheng Temple, Zhenqu Pavilion, Nanlaoquan Pavilion, Jellyfish Tower and Gongshuzi Temple.

This group of towers stands tall, surrounded by springs, and has the charm of gardens in the south of the Yangtze River. In addition, there is Shifang Fengsheng Temple in the far south, which is said to be the villa of Wei Chigong, the founding general of the Tang Dynasty. There is a relic tower in the courtyard of the northern temple, which was first built in the Kaihuang period of the Sui Dynasty, rebuilt in the Song Dynasty, and rebuilt in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty.

It is octagonal with seven levels, more than 30 meters high, and each floor has doors on all sides, decorated with glazed railings. From the tower, you can see the panorama of Jinci Temple vividly. The location and environment of Jinci Temple are very particular. Since ancient times, nature is not only the source of human life, but also the object of human mind communication and the symbol of people's spirit.

"The wise enjoy the water, the benevolent enjoy the mountains." These words endow nature with anthropomorphic moral attributes and imbue the beauty of nature with conventional cultural connotations. This harmonious relationship between traditional architecture and nature is particularly prominent in Jinci Temple. Nature itself was one of the main objects of human worship in the first place.

In addition to the general terrain, orientation, sunshine, windproof, flood control, drainage, traffic and other conditions, the steepness of the mountain is used to strengthen its momentum; the waves of water are used to show its posture and enhance its mysterious atmosphere. Therefore, the god of the mountain is close to the mountain, and the god of water is close to the water. Taking advantage of the superior natural conditions, it is surrounded by mountains and rivers, facing the sun with its back to the wind, and built in a high place, which has become a distinctive feature of ancient architecture.

Act according to the mountain: The high mountain is like a road leading to the sky, which can produce wind and clouds, guide rainwater, moisten the earth, grow all things, and educate human beings. Therefore, humans and mountains have a natural relationship. On the one hand, it is people's love for the mountain and forest environment on which they live, and on the other hand, it is people's fear of high mountains, deep valleys, and floods and beasts.

So people regard it as a god. "Book of Rites and Sacrificial Methods" says: "Mountains, forests, rivers, valleys and hills can come out of clouds, and they are wind and rain, and monsters are all sun gods." The concept of mountains and rivers that compares the virtue of a gentleman and uses water to describe the beauty of a benevolent person.

The Jinci Temple was chosen at the foot of the Xuanweng Mountain in the southwest of Jinyang City, with the hanging mountain on its back, facing the Fenshui River. , The ups and downs of the mountains constitute a magnificent and majestic landscape. The buildings on the hillside are the focus of visual attention, and their overall trend echoes the inherent upward trend of the mountain, obtaining a beautiful skyline.

Relying on water to add beauty: In human life, there is probably nothing more closely related to water than human beings. In ancient times, people created many beautiful legends, and shaped their images according to their own preferences and imagination, and used people's worship of water to strengthen their beliefs, combined with the shape of water,

Use the wave light reflection and water quality and water sound to enhance the artistic conception and achieve the ideal effect. Perhaps because of the original concept of water's purity, eternity, and sanctity, no matter in the East or the West, a pool of water or a bay of water is always set up in front of religious and monumental buildings as a communication between the gods and the secular. The Jinci Temple is a good example of the landscape composition of the spring and canal water system. The jellyfish building was built on the "Nanlaoquan" at the source of Jinshui, and there is a beautiful legend about "Liu's sitting on an urn".

Spring water gushes out from under its seat. In front of the building, there is an octagonal Jianquan Pavilion, and then a herringbone weir is used to divert the flow from north to south, and the water is not a problem. In the middle, the Water Mirror Terrace, Huixian Bridge, Jinren Terrace, Duiyuefang, Xiandian, Yumao Flying Beam, and the Temple of the Virgin are arranged on the main axis, and then terminated by the Wangchuan Pavilion on Huanxi Ridge. Taidai Temple, Gongshuzi Temple, Sansheng Temple, Tongle Pavilion in the south, Miaoyi Hall, Chaoyang Cave, Tang Shuyu Temple, Guandi Temple, Dongyue Temple, and Wenchang Palace in the north.

These buildings are either close to the mountains or near the water, forming small courtyards of their own, interspersed with pavilions, bridges, halls, and water pavilions. Groups of beautiful scenery add a bit of aura and movement to the solemn and solemn temple.

Borrowing from high to far: Due to the influence of the traditional concept formed by the ancients worshiping the sky, high gives people a mysterious imagination close to the sky, and high is also one of the ways to express a majestic image. In the nature of mountains and rivers, the ancestral temples are adapted to local conditions, "the degree of height and the difference between distance and nearness, and the natural peaks and mountains." According to the contour characteristics of the terrain and landscape, the supplementary height is cleverly designed, and the adaptation of the building to nature and the beautiful scenery in the landscape The contours are unified,

"Because of its height, the higher it is, the vertical pavilion is above the peak and the steep slope; because of its humbleness, it is lower, and the well is drilled through the pond in the wet area." Due to the commemorative and symbolic expression of architectural means, Unlike other artistic means that can be specifically described,

Therefore, it is often expressed in concepts such as lofty and great. The temple is chosen to be on a high slope to enhance its loftiness. Yes, and the ancestral temple has profound and rich layers, so that you can see up close and see thousands of miles away.

Ancestral temple buildings are created with the spirit as the driving force. Spiritual function refers to people's psychological function, which includes three aspects: aesthetics, cognition, and worship. Sacrifice was the main function of temple buildings at first. "Sacrifice" says:

"There are two meanings in all sacrifices, one is to repay the merits, and the other is to cultivate the ancestors. To repay the merits is to work hard, to cultivate the ancestors is to honor kindness, and to encourage kindness and honor merits to establish the sage king of Huatong." The sacrifice to the natural gods comes from The mentality of repaying merit, offering sacrifices to the ancestors is to repay the kindness of the ancestors. The common people are mainly out of the practical needs of praying for disaster relief and the ambivalence of fear and dependence on natural forces.

The ancient people's thanksgiving and prayer ceremonies are extremely vivid and full of romantic imagination. "Le Ya Shi Tian": "Spring sacrifices are called shrines; summer sacrifices are called Sui; autumn sacrifices are called tasting; winter sacrifices are called steaming. Offerings to the sky are called burnt firewood; offering sacrifices to the ground is called burying; offering sacrifices to mountains is called skill suspension; offering sacrifices to rivers floating and sinking; Sacrifice to the stars is called cloth;

Sacrifice to the wind is called Zong. "Different symbolic techniques are used according to the different objects of worship. Zheng Xuan's annotation in "Book of Rites and Sacrificial Methods" said: "The words and appearance of the temple are also the appearance of the ancestors of the ancestral temple. "The earliest "ancestral appearance" may be the spiritual stone that symbolizes reproductive worship, the "stone" of the ancestral temple.

"Shuowen" says: "The stone is also the owner of the ancestral temple. There are suburban ancestral stone chambers in the Zhou Dynasty; one day the big stone, about the Han Dynasty, also became the wooden owner, which is the ancestral tablet of the descendants. To meet the needs of the sacrificial function, the building of the temple It also came into being. With the development of residence, palace and other construction technologies,

The sacrificial buildings have also changed from tombs, altars, and stones in the wild to temples with roofs, and because of the specialization of sacrificial ceremonies and the ancient concept that death is like life, it has evolved into a combination of sleeping halls, dedication halls, or incense pavilions.

Chapter 1318: Green cypresses and bamboo shadows whirling, painted maidservants calm and composed