October 4, 2022, coincides with the National Day holiday and the Double Ninth Festival. Early in the morning, with the rising sun, I came to Jingshan Mountain and climbed the Range Rover. Climbing up the steps along the mountain trail, walking lightly, feeling refreshed and full of emotions, I specially composed a doggerel.
Climb the Jingshan Mountain in the Chongyang Ninety Ninth Festival, and walk the light and light Forbidden Top.
The Yongding Gate of the Drum Tower of the Forbidden City, and the Chinese Zun in the Backsea of the White Pagoda.
The Wanchun Pavilion embraces Beijing in front, and sees the past and present from the center.
I wish the motherland a good day and a happy birthday to my mother.
Jingshan, facing Beihai in the west and across the street from Shenwumen of the Forbidden City in the south, is the imperial garden of the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. Jingshan, located on the north-south central axis of Beijing in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, was once the commanding height and central point of the whole city, known as the "Top of the Forbidden City".
Jingshan Mountain, also known as Meishan Mountain, Zhenshan Mountain, Longevity Mountain, and Xuanwu Mountain, was originally a mountain with Fengshui properties, so it was called Zhenshan Mountain and Xuanwu Mountain. It is formed by the accumulation of muck from the demolition of the old city and the excavation of the moat during the Ming Dynasty. Because the mountain peak is the highest point in the capital, it is also called Longevity Mountain. It is also called Meishan because there was a large amount of coal piled up at the foot of the mountain. Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty renamed it Jingshan.
Jingshan is long and narrow from east to west, with five peaks in total. The middle peak is the highest peak, and the left and right are gradually lower. There is a pavilion built on each peak, all built in the fifteenth year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty. The main peak pavilion was built on the whole city of Beijing and the north-south middle line of the Forbidden City. The original Wufang Pavilion enshrined one cast bronze and gilt Buddha statues of the five Buddhas, which were looted by the Eight-Power Allied Forces in the 26th year of Guangxu.
There are three main attractions in Jingshan: Climbing the heights and looking far away, the essence of the Range Rover; enjoying the scenery from the Wufang Pavilion; and the Shouhuang Palace inheriting the culture of filial piety.
The tour starts at 6:30 in the morning, enter the west gate, go up the mountain on the north side, Zhoushang Pavilion, Guanmiao Pavilion, Wanchun Pavilion, Jifang Pavilion, Fulan Pavilion, South Gate, Yiwang Tower, Ming Sizong's Martyrdom, East Gate, A total of 3 hours from Guande Hall, Shouhuang Hall, and Ximen.
Jingshan is not high, and the slope is gentle, so it is easy to walk.
In a few minutes, we came to the first pavilion at the east foot - Zhoushang Pavilion. The Zhoushang Pavilion has a round spire with double eaves, covered with peacock blue glazed tiles and trimmed with amethyst colored glazed tiles.
The golden sun shines down, and the trees and pavilions are dyed golden, as if in late autumn.
From the Zhoushang Pavilion, there is a stone step road up. The stone steps are not steep, and it is not difficult to walk. You will soon come to the second pavilion.
The Guanmiao Pavilion has double eaves and an octagonal pointed roof, covered with emerald green glazed tiles and trimmed with yellow glazed tiles.
On Jingshan Mountain, the trees are verdant and dense, and the ancient and famous trees are within easy reach.
Through the bushes, the turrets of the Forbidden City can be seen faintly.
The Forbidden City gradually revealed its true face.
When approaching Wanchun Pavilion, the stone tablet "The First Place of Jinghua Range Rover" inscribed by Mr. Luo Zhewen, an ancient Chinese architect, stands in front of us.
Wanchun Pavilion is the main pavilion, located at the highest point of Jingshan Mountain, and is the base point of the central axis of Beijing's north-south buildings. The plane is square, with triple eaves and four corners with pointed roofs, yellow glazed tiles covering the roof and green trimmings, and a glazed roof on the eaves. The colored painting of Wanchun Pavilion is called: Xuanzi Dadian Jinlong Jinfangxin, which is also the highest-level form of Chinese royal painting.
There are signs of "Beijing City North-South Central Axis" and "Beijing City Center" before and after Wanchun Pavilion. I always thought that the center of Beijing should be Tiananmen Square or the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City, but now it seems wrong.
In front of the Wanchun Pavilion, from north to south, from west to east, in all directions, the capital is fully embraced.
South:
The Forbidden City is magnificent and shocking.
The National Museum and the Great Hall of the People are solemn and elegant.
The Beijing Hotel and the National Theatre, all within a certain radius.
Along the long street and the turrets of the Forbidden City, classical and modern complement each other.
north:
Shouhuang Palace, Bell and Drum Tower, Olympic Sightseeing Tower, Pangu Hotel, central axis of the ancient capital, new landmark of Beicheng.
oo:
The White Pagoda, the Central Pagoda, Zhonghai, Xidan, Wulongting, and Xizhimen have ancient meanings and new chapters.
East:
East 3rd Ring Road, East 4th Ring Road, CCTV, China World Trade Center, China Zun, all with a modern atmosphere.
In front of the Wanchun Pavilion, you can enjoy the view of Jinghua, a modern city full of profound cultural atmosphere and youthful vitality everywhere, so I can't help but love her deeply. Maybe she's not perfect, maybe even has some flaws, but that doesn't affect my love for her at all, because this is my home. My home is generous, inclusive, honest, and full of vitality. I love my home.
I have heard people say that "Beijing is like a big countryside" and "Beijing is very rustic". I don't want to refute, because people's aesthetics are different, their cognitions are very different, and their understanding of "soil" is also different.
I want to say: If you have free time, go around more and learn more about Beijing. Beijing is multi-faceted and rich in content, which cannot be described simply by "earth" or "foreign". This kind of "soil" as I understand it is a symbol of Chinese history, culture, art, architecture, etc., a characteristic of Chinese people, and a symbol of China. Beijing should be "soil", Beijing must be "soil", Beijing's "soil" has a backbone, and I am proud of Beijing's "soil". I hope that Beijing will become more and more "soiled" and will remain "soiled" forever, so that Beijing is China and China is China.
It's just a sigh of relief, go down the mountain.
The soft sunlight shines on the city, making it quiet and warm. The buildings on the west and east sides of Jingshan are corresponding, and the style and appearance of the pavilions are exactly the same.
Ji Fangting.
Fulan Pavilion.
Pass the Fulan Pavilion and go down the mountain to the south gate.
The south gate is the long live gate.
''
The Yiwang Tower at the foot of Jingshan Mountain, the Wanchun Pavilion on the top of the mountain and the Forbidden City are all on the north-south axis.
Wanchun Pavilion in the shade of trees.
Walking to the east side of Jingdong, there are two stone tablets standing on the hillside, and an old pagoda tree grows above the stone tablet. One stone tablet reads "Ming Sizong's martyrdom place", and the other reads "Ming Sizong's martyrdom monument for 300 years". This is where Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself.
At the end of Ming Dynasty, after the last emperor Chongzhen came to the throne, he faced internal and external troubles. On the one hand, farmers rose up one after another. On the other hand, the Manchu Qing Dynasty outside the pass was covetous and continued to invade the Ming Dynasty. Chongzhen took care of one thing and lost another, and was self-willed, coupled with a serious financial crisis. Finally, in 1644, when Li Zicheng approached the city of Beijing, he had no way out and hanged himself on Meishan.
After the Manchu Qing entered Beijing, in order to win over the Han people, Chongzhen was buried in the Ming Siling Mausoleum, and the locust tree where Chongzhen hanged himself was surrounded with iron chains, so that the royal ministers could remember the lesson of the death of the Ming Dynasty.
After the Republic of China, the Palace Museum erected a stone tablet inscribed "Ming Sizong's martyrdom place" in front of the tree. People from all walks of life in Beijing erected a "Ming Sizong Martyrdom Monument for 300 Years" in front of the tree, expressing their praise for Chongzhen and their determination to fight to the death.
After liberation, the place where Chongzhen hanged himself changed a lot, and the monument was removed. During the Cultural Revolution, the locust tree was also destroyed, and finally withered and died. The locust tree we see now was transplanted in 1996, and the two steles were repaired later. I remember that the original sign here said "the place where Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself", which was later changed to "the place where Ming Sizong died for his country".
There are three gates in Jingshan Mountain, the east gate is called Shan Zuo Li Gate, which corresponds to the Ximen Mountain Right Li Gate. A pair of stone lions in front of the gate are majestic and mighty.
On the east side of the peony garden, there are two tall and mighty ancient cypresses, which are the famous "two generals cypresses" in Jingshan. In the northeast corner of the Peony Garden is the Guandi Temple.
To the west of Guandi Temple is Guande Hall, which was the place where emperors watched their courtiers shoot arrows in Ming and Qing Dynasties.
To the north, east of Shouhuang Palace, there is a very peculiar tree. There is a small locust tree growing in the middle of the old locust tree, which is called "Huazhong locust tree". It is said that the old locust tree is thousands of years old.
The northern end of the north-south central axis of Jingshan is the Shouhuang Hall.
In front of the mountain gate of Shouhuang Palace, there is a four-pillar and nine-story archway on the east, west, and south sides. It is named Baofang. It was originally a wooden archway with golden silk nanmu beams and columns. The color painting of Xuanzi was originally built in the 14th year of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty. The plaques on the archway are all written by Emperor Qianlong.
The wood carvings and paintings on the archway are exquisite and delicate.
A pair of hugging beasts (kylin and lion) are carved on the top of each hugging stone, with lovely looks.
A mythical beast is carved at the bottom of each stem.
There are three archway-style arch gates in the mountain gate, the middle is for the emperor to pass through, and the two sides are for the empresses and ministers of civil and military affairs to pass through. There is a pair of stone lions in front of the gate. Looking closely at this pair of stone lions, it seems to be slightly different from other places, with a big head and a small body, with a slightly bent waist, which obviously has the characteristics of stone lions in the Yuan Dynasty. It is judged that this pair of stone lions should be relics of the Yuan Dynasty.
Dan lacquer, gold nails, and copper rings on the gate, the level of the house can be judged through the door nails and door knockers of the gate. Generally, the main gates of the four cities of the Prince's Mansion are decorated with red lacquer, gold nails, and copper rings, which shows that the level here is already quite high.
Shouhuang Gate, also known as Jimen Gate, is the main gate of the inner courtyard of Shouhuang Palace, with yellow glazed tiles on the top of the mountain, five rooms wide. There are 120 golden halberds displayed on the east and west sides of the colorful Dougong and Hexi colored paintings. On the evening of April 10, 1981, due to a fire caused by inadvertent use of electricity, the Shouhuang Gate was completely burned down. What you see now is that it was rebuilt later.
Under the eaves, there is a Panlong plaque with the words "Shouhuangmen" in Manchu and Chinese.
The stone lions in front of the door are different again, this pair seems to be a little arched.
There are white marble railings all around, and the imperial road is in the middle of the front and back steps, with the pattern of two dragons playing with pearls carved in Danbi stone.
There is a well pavilion on the left and right sides of Shouhuang Gate, with a yellow glazed tile roof and a stone fence underneath.
There are east and west side halls on both sides, and west side halls - the god's kitchen, where sacrificial items are made during sacrifices.
The East Side Hall-Shenku, the place where sacrificial supplies are stored.
The Shouhuang Hall has double eaves, yellow glazed tile roof, glazed multicolored bucket arches, and a platform in front surrounded by white marble blocks.
On the platform, copper deer, copper crane, and copper tripod furnace are arranged correspondingly.
The Danbi stone dragon carving on Yulu is magnificent, huge in size and exquisite in carving, which can be called perfect.
The arches, beams and columns of the main hall are all painted with red lacquer, pasted with gold and painted with silver, showing the royal style.
The big owl kisses on the main ridge, nine beasts hang down the ridge, and the fairy rides a rooster in front, marking the highest level of royal architecture.
Shouhuang Hall was originally dedicated to Kangxi's "Shenyu", and later served as a place to worship the portraits of emperors in Qing Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, there was a compartment at the back of the interior, and the portraits of emperors of all dynasties since Emperor Kangxi were hung and enshrined all the year round.
The compartments in the hall start from the east, Guangxu, Xianfeng, Jiaqing, Yongzheng, Kangxi, Qianlong, Daoguang, Tongzhi.
There are red sandalwood dragon cabinets on the east and west sides of the main hall, which are dedicated to storing portraits of emperors, empresses and concubines of the Qing Dynasty.
There are ear halls on the east and west sides of the main hall, which can also be called the backing hall. West Ear Hall - Jinxi Hall, East Ear Hall - Yanqing Hall.
The drainage faucets on the platform corners of the ear hall and the main hall are well carved, which are both practical and ornamental.
There is a stele pavilion on the east and west sides of the platform, and the inscription on the stele is written by Emperor Qianlong.
There are two auxiliary halls in the east and west of the courtyard of the Shouhuang Hall, which are used to store the items displayed in the main hall and the ritual vessels and musical instruments used for sacrifices.
There is a burner in the southeast and southwest corners of the courtyard of the Shouhuang Palace, which is made of glazed wood and is used to burn the sacrificial boards and incense brocade.
Bid farewell to the Shouhuangdian complex, go out to the west gate, and the tour of Jingshan is over.
(Finish)
