[Preface] May 18th is the International Museum Day, and this time we are participating in the activity of "'Swift Project' - 2019 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Museum Cultural Exploration Tour". The Beijing Swift belongs to the Swift family Swift, and is the only bird named after "Beijing". Beijing has a deep relationship with "Swallow", which was called "Yanjing" and "Yan Guo" in ancient times, and "Swallow Culture" in its culture. Even the mascot of the Beijing Olympic Games has the swift "Nini". Because Beijing swifts like to inhabit between the beams and eaves of high-rise ancient buildings, there is also a name in the mouths of Beijing people - Louyan. Due to decades of transformation in Beijing, there are fewer and fewer ancient buildings, and the living environment of Beijing swifts is getting worse. Swift protection has also been put on the agenda. According to investigations, there are also Beijing swifts in the ancient wooden buildings in Yuxian County, so this time I went to Yuxian County to conduct cultural exploration and public welfare activities. While visiting cultural relics and historical sites, I looked for Beijing swifts and experienced modern Weizhou. Folk Customs. This activity is very interesting to me, so here I come!
[Continued] At 15:00, "'Swift Project' - 2019 Beijing, hosted by Beijing Zhengyangmen Management Office and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Museum Collaborative Development and Promotion Office, co-organized by more than a dozen museums in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Beijing Traffic Broadcasting The "Tianjin-Hebei Museum Cultural Exploration Tour" activity was officially announced.
Then drive, and arrive at Yuhuang Pavilion in Yuzhou, a scenic spot located on the north wall of the ancient city of Weizhou at 15:30.
There is a parking area in front of Yuhuang Pavilion, and it is very convenient to park without charge.
We did not follow the bus of the main force, but drove there by ourselves, and the speed was still ten minutes faster than that of the main force. While waiting, let's take a look at the surrounding environment of Yuhuang Pavilion.
There is a large theater on the east side of Yuhuang Pavilion - Guyun Theater, where there will be folk performances during festivals.
Later, after climbing the city wall, you can have a panoramic view of the entire ancient rhyme theater.
Take a look at the scenic spot guide map and scenic spot introduction, and be aware of it before entering the park.
Ten minutes later, the large troops arrived and entered the park.
Yuhuang Pavilion in Yuxian County is the most popular historical site in Yuxian County. In 1996, it was announced by the State Council as the fourth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. a batch.
There is a broken stele at the entrance, and the text on it is somewhat damaged, which seems to be related to the construction. Don't know why it's here.
The existing Yuhuang Pavilion faces south, with a total area of 2,000 square meters.
The Dragon and Tiger Hall and the main hall of the Yuhuang Pavilion are distributed on the same central axis, and it is also the first main hall of the Yuhuang Pavilion.
The Dragon and Tiger Hall is three rooms wide and two rooms deep, with a hard mountain tile roof. A plaque hanging in front of the gate reads: Dragon and Tiger Hall.
From the introduction, we can see that the Dragon and Tiger Hall originally had two Taoist gods, Qinglong and Baihu, but they have been destroyed. When it was restored, it was changed to shape the four heavenly kings of "smooth weather".
The Rain God among the Four Heavenly Kings did not hold an umbrella as usual, and there seemed to be no magic weapon on his hands.
Look carefully at the ridge purlin on the roof of the Dragon and Tiger Hall, and the next title is "the 28th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Gengzi Meng Dongshuo, Yuedan and Yuanji were founded".
According to the local customs in Weizhou, repairing temples requires writing the craftsman's name on the ridge of the beam. If there is a quality problem, the craftsman must be held accountable.
From the records on the beams of the Dragon and Tiger Hall, we know that it has been repaired many times.
On the east and west sides of the Dragon and Tiger Hall, there is a small corner door with a hard mountain cloth roof, through which you can enter the lower courtyard.
The lower courtyard is composed of the Dragon and Tiger Hall, the East and West Side Halls and the main meditation room, and the main meditation room is on both sides of the steps.
Looking at the lower courtyard from the upper courtyard, the dragon and tiger hall is on the front, and the east and west side halls are on both sides.
According to the records of "Weizhou Chronicles", there were 24 towers in the city wall in the past, and this tower alone is the most majestic and majestic.
In the Spring and Autumn Period, Yu County was the land of Dai State. It was established in the Qin Dynasty as Dai County, and it was called Dai County in the Han Dynasty. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Northern Zhou Dynasty (579 AD), it was established as Weizhou. Since then, it has been the land of Weizhou. ) began to set up Yu County.
The Yuhuang Pavilion is a temple dedicated to the Jade Emperor. It was built in the tenth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1377 A.D.). Shi Zhoufang, the commandant of Weizhou Wei, rebuilt the Tucheng of Weizhou into a brick city, with three gates in the east, west and south, and the north Wumen built a Yuhuang Pavilion, facing Sanmenyao.
Yuhuang Pavilion has been built for hundreds of years. It has gone through wind and rain erosion, wars and military disasters. Although it has been rebuilt several times, it still stands intact on the high city wall. The existing buildings are still in the architectural style of the Ming Dynasty, which shows the superb skills and wisdom of ancient skilled craftsmen, and is an important example for studying the architectural art of the early Ming Dynasty.
Walk up the 18 stone steps, step through the small door and enter the upper courtyard.
The southeast of the upper courtyard is the bell tower, and the southwest is the drum tower. The architectural style is double eaves and Xieshan Buwa roof.
Yuhuang Pavilion is located on the north wall of Yuxian County, and its standard name should be "Yuzhou Yuhuang Pavilion".
On the front of the upper courtyard is the main hall of the Yuhuang Pavilion, which is five rooms wide and three rooms deep, with a glazed tile roof with triple eaves.
The main ridge of the main hall is a glazed flower ridge, and the two ends are built with a big kiss of a dragon. The momentum is extraordinary. This is the west side of Yuhuang Pavilion.
The wooden frame of the whole building is oil-decorated and painted, basically in the pattern of "Hexi" and "Su style". The main hall has three floors on the outside, but it is actually the second floor. In the middle of the pavilion on the second floor, there is a eaves protruding to the outside, and there is a veranda under it. This is the east side of Yuhuang Pavilion.
Tourists look around along the veranda, overlooking the winding Huliu River in the north, Cuiping Mountain surrounded by clouds and mist in the south, beautiful mountains and rivers in the west, and dense villages in the east, with a panoramic view of the mountains and rivers.
Yuhuang Pavilion is also known as Jingbian Tower, and a plaque of "Jingbian Tower" hangs above the gate of the main hall.
In the main hall, there is a statue of the Jade Emperor on the front (north side).
There is a large-scale figure mural "Fengshen Picture" painted on the wall. On the walls on both sides of the statue of the Jade Emperor, the Wuyuan Emperor and the Queen Mother are painted.
On the front wall, there are three "Five Yuan Emperors" painted on the west side of the statue of the Jade Emperor.
These are the two "Five Yuan Emperors" Xier and Xisan, and the majesty of the emperor can be seen.
On the front wall, on the east side of the statue of the Jade Emperor, there are Queen Mother and two other "Five Yuan Emperors", which are the Queen Mother and Dong Er's "Five Yuan Emperors".
These are the two "Five Yuan Emperors" on the east side. The characters are lifelike and they are rare art treasures.
"Thirty-six Thunder Gods" are painted on the east and west walls, which is a mural on the west wall.
There are no windows and no lighting in the main hall, and in order to protect the cultural relics, flashlights are not allowed. At this time, my cold light flashlight came in handy. Many group members also asked me to illuminate the murals and help them take pictures.
This is a mural on the east wall. You can see the ferocious Lei Gong and the kind-hearted waiter.
It is also the mural on the east wall, the overall scene is grand and colorful.
Yuxian County is a famous historical and cultural city in the country. It has five "Guinness World's Best", one of which is "the county with the most ancient murals in temples". Seeing these vivid and colorful murals, we know that Yuxian County deserves its name what!
There is also a mural on the inner side of the south wall to the east of the main hall, black and white, without color, and a flying dragon with its head about to soar can be vaguely seen.
There are also maintenance records on the beam ridge of the main hall. It can be seen that repairs were made in the 22nd year of Kangxi, the 29th year of Qianlong and the 23rd year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty.
There are eight stone steles under the front eaves and corridors of the main hall, of which seven were rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The number of times the pavilion has been rebuilt shows the degree of attention to it and the high value of its historical relics.
This is the Sitong stele on the east side of the gate, which is a monument to the reconstruction of the Yuhuang Pavilion.
This is the second reconstruction of the Jade Emperor Pavilion on the east side. The time of inscription is not clear. It seems to be the 29th year of Qianlong. There are also top three "given Jinshi background".
This is the first stele on the west side of the gate of the palace. In the 23rd year of Guangxu, the emperor decreed to reward Liu Yankui and others who contributed to the reconstruction of the Yuhuang Pavilion. The decree said that their act of rebuilding the Yuhuang Pavilion was "immortal"!
The second stele on the west side of the gate is the stele of "Tianxianzi", which is highly praised by later generations and has great artistic value. There is a little story about this stele. In the 23rd year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1544 A.D.), foreigners invaded Zijingguan. Shanxi's chief envoy, Si Yousen, and Jinshi Su Zhigao were ordered to go to Weizhou to collect food and pay, and urged the army to march to Guangchang via Feihu Valley in Weizhou, which is now Laiyuan, reinforcements Bauhinia. When Su Jinshi was in Weizhi, he took a break from his busy schedule and climbed to the Yuhuang Pavilion on a moonlit night. Looking around at the surrounding mountains, he felt like a group of immortals flying across the phoenix. He wrote a small poem called "The Fairy".
The word "Tianxianzi" is carved in cursive, with large fonts, elegant and unrestrained, smooth and natural strokes, and bold and unconstrained style, which is indeed a treasure of calligraphy art. Let's read this song "Heavenly Fairy" carefully again: In front of the Qingdi Temple, the Chidi Temple, when the sound of walking is dreaming, the feather wheel returns to Heshuchi. The mountain spits out the moon, the horizontal embankment, and the cold jade dew wets the fairy clothes.
These are the two monuments on the westernmost side, both of which are rebuilt monuments.
Walk up the 18 steps back to the Commons.
There are passages leading to the north city wall in the east and west of the main meditation room of the lower courtyard. The west side is the entrance of the north city wall, and the east side is the exit.
The ancient city wall of Weizhou was very famous in ancient times. "Wanli Yehuolu" records that "the city wall of Weizhou, according to legend, was built by Li Keyong. No matter how fine and strong, the luster of the stone can shine on the face. Helian's rule of the city is not worth mentioning." The existing city wall was rebuilt in the 10th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, with a distance of 13 steps in seven miles, or 3,800 meters.
The ancient city wall of Yuzhou itself is also the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units. The current ancient city wall is only 1,600 meters long, and mainly only rammed earth remains. This year, the government funded the restoration of a section of the city wall on the north side. Tourists can walk on the city wall and relive the war years of hundreds of years ago.
What needs to be explained is that you cannot go to the city wall from the front of the Yuhuangge hall, you must first go down to the lower courtyard, and then walk around to the back of the hall from the west.
Walking on the city wall, you can not only overlook the inside and outside of the ancient city, but also look at the Jade Emperor Pavilion with triple eaves from different angles.
After visiting the ancient city wall, walk down the steps from the path on the east side of the main hall and return to the lower courtyard.
Go back to the lower courtyard and look back at the tall and majestic Yuhuangge hall.
Go back to the Dragon and Tiger Hall by the same route, and find that there is a stele corridor on the east side of the Dragon and Tiger Hall.
There are three stone tablets and one stone scripture building in the stele corridor.
Judging from the inscriptions, these steles should have been moved from other places, but they are all old. This is "Rebuilding the Stele of Yuquan Temple", and the inscription date is "Jiajing Jiazi Year", which is the 43rd year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty, 1564 AD, and has a history of 450 years.
The stone tablet on the southernmost side is older, and it is a cultural relic from the Yuan Dynasty to the Zhengzheng period, 650 years ago.
16:00 Leave Yuhuang Pavilion. Drive to the next scenic spot - Weizhou Administration. According to the guidance of the mobile phone navigation, I drove into Mashen Temple Street, but this street was too narrow, and it was completely blocked when I encountered a car coming from the opposite side. We had to go back more than 50 meters, return to the Yuhuang Pavilion, and then go from the North Street of the ancient city to the Weizhou Office in the southwest of the ancient city.
The ancient city of Weizhou is not big, so I drove to the parking lot in front of the Weizhou Administration at 16:20.
Weizhou Administration is located 300 meters west of Jingxian Gate, the south gate of the ancient city of Weizhou.
However, the Weizhou Administration currently seen was rebuilt in May 2010 on the ruins of the Yuanzhou Yamen according to the records of "Weizhou Zhi". Therefore, in the ancient city of Yuzhou, which is full of historic sites, it is not considered a historical site. If you want to look at the original ancient government offices, look at the Forbidden City in Beijing at the national level, look at the Governor’s Office of Baoding Zhili in Hebei Province at the provincial level, look at the Huozhou Office of Shanxi Province at the state level, and look at the Neixiang County Government Office in Henan Province at the county level. These are all preserved historic sites, and they are all national-level cultural relics protection units.
Although it is not an authentic historical site, it may not be able to completely and accurately reproduce the official culture of the year during the reconstruction process, but it can still be seen as a way to understand the history of Weizhou.
The Weizhou Administration faces south and is divided into East, West and Middle Roads, covering an area of 46 mu (more than 30,000 square meters).
Entering the Weizhou Office, what you see head-on is a screen wall, which complements the screen wall in front of the parking lot outside the door.
There is a small temple in the southeast and southwest corners of Weizhou Department, which is the Mawang Temple on the southwest side.
The southeast corner is the Earth Temple.
There is a small courtyard in the Earth Temple, and there are only rooms with closed doors.
The east hall of the first entrance courtyard on Yuzhou Shuzhong Road is now the socialist core values exhibition hall.
The first entrance to the west side hall of the courtyard is now the Weizhou History and Culture Exhibition Hall.
As soon as you enter the courtyard, to the north is Yimen, which is the second main entrance of the government office. Yimen has four beams and eight columns, five purlins and four rafters, and the building is magnificent. A gold plaque hangs on the upper end of the Yimen. The east gate of Yimen is the "people's gate", which is the gate for people to come and go. The convenient door on the west side is the "Ghost Gate", which was used as a gate for death row prisoners in ancient times.
After entering Yimen, there is the second entrance courtyard of the state government office. This courtyard is divided into north and south parts by the archway in the middle. There are two auxiliary halls in the north and the south, hard hilltop buildings. At that time, this was the department room, which was occupied by the sixth department. These four rooms are now the Weizhou Paper-cut Museum.
The West Side Hall on the south side of the archway is now the first exhibition hall of the Weizhou Paper-cutting Museum. Yuxian paper-cut has a long history and enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad for its unique style.
The East Side Hall on the south side of the archway is now the fourth exhibition hall of Weizhou Paper-cutting Museum. Yuxian paper-cutting originated in the Ming Dynasty and is a folk art with a unique style and a high reputation at home and abroad.
On the wooden archway in the 20-meter corridor to the north of Yimen, the southern lintel reads "Gong Shengming" and the northern lintel reads "Lian Shengwei". It is used to warn officials and never forget.
The West Side Hall on the north side of the archway is now the second exhibition hall of the Weizhou Paper-cutting Museum. The production process of Yuxian paper-cut is unique among many paper-cuts in the country. This kind of paper-cut is not "cut", but "carved". Color is made, so this kind of paper-cut is very worth seeing.
The East Side Hall on the north side of the archway is now the third exhibition hall of the Weizhou Paper-cutting Museum. Now Yuxian paper-cut has gradually developed into a fine folk art with appreciation and collection value and a national gift. Yuxian County is named "Hometown of Chinese Paper-cutting Art" and "Research Base of Chinese Paper-cutting Art".
The passage on the north side of Yimen is called "Yongdao", which is one meter above the ground. In ancient times, government servants stood on both sides to welcome and send off officials at all levels. At the end of the corridor is the central building of the state government office - the lobby.
The lobby is an important part of the overall building of the State Department. The lobby is five rooms wide and three rooms deep. In front of the rolling shed, there are three pavilions hanging on the top of the mountain and four rafter pavilions. The large-scale Ming room has a very long span, and the lobby has a rigorous structure and layout, which is magnificent.
Through the lobby is the third entrance courtyard of the state government.
The main hall is the second hall, which is the office where Zhizhou handles major state affairs. The small doors on both sides of the second hall are the passages leading to the back house. ".
The "Second Hall" is now the "Moral Lecture Hall".
The East Side Hall in the third courtyard is now the "Paper-cut Art Festival Exhibition".
The West Side Hall in the third courtyard is now the film and television base exhibition.
There are many ancient houses in Yuxian County, so it must be a good location for film and television. Many movies and TV series are shot in Yuxian County.
Enter the back house through the small doors on both sides of the second hall.
The first is a lane, which is behind Ertang.
There is a wing room on the east side of the corridor, which is now used as a tourist lounge.
There are photos of historical sites in Yu County on the interior wall.
Walking northward from the narrow road into a small hanging flower gate, you will come to the inner house of the state government. This small gate is also known as the "two gates", and it was this gate that the women's relatives used to say "go out of the gate and not step through the second gate". In ancient times, female relatives could not leave this door, and male guests could not enter this door.
The small courtyard of the inner house is very exquisite, surrounded by corridors.
The main room of the inner house is five rooms wide. It used to be the bedroom of the state official, but now it is used as the "Exhibition of Red Culture in Wei County".
The east wing of the small courtyard is now the Xie Cai Memorial Room. Xie Cai (1922~2007), male, was born in Yu County, Hebei Province. Member of the Communist Party of China. Former deputy commander of the Beijing Garrison of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.
Walk into the "Yuxian Red Culture Exhibition Hall" to receive revolutionary traditional education.
After passing the inner house and continuing northward, you will find the back garden of the Weizhou Department.
In the center of the back garden, there is a hexagonal three-story brick and wood pagoda, which is the "Kuixing Pavilion".
In Chinese folk belief, Kuixing is the god who dominates the rise and fall of articles. In the eyes of Confucian scholars, Kuixing has the supreme status. In the era of imperial examinations, it was a symbol of the "winning" of scholars, and it was very popular.
Inside the Kuixing Pavilion, there is a ghost-shaped idol, with one foot raised backwards, shaped like a big hook of the character "Kui"; holding a bucket in one hand, symbolizing the small fighting character in the character "Kui"; holding a pen in the other hand like a dot. , to show that the scholar who won the Zhongju. This is the legendary "Kuixing Diandou". In the imperial examination era, it was said that "Kuixing Diandou" was a sign of prosperity of the literary movement, so taking the shape of the word "Kui" knowingly, a statue like a ghost and a god was created in the pavilion. Scholars in the Qing Dynasty bowed to this "Kuixing" statue, and before the autumn exams, there were endless pilgrims.
After visiting Kuixing Pavilion, turn back and walk south into the east lane, which is the boundary between Weizhoushu East Road and Middle Road.
There are seven small courtyards arranged in the north and south of the East Road. From north to south, there are the Cultural and Education Base of Integrity, Zanhou Temple Theater Building, Yin Hotel, Wang Laoshang Memorial Hall (Wang Laoshang is a folk paper-cut artist), Donggong Temple, and Folk Collection Hall and Earth Temple. These small courtyards are either closed or empty. This is the "Zanhou Temple" with the gate closed. It is said that there is a good stage inside.
The most interesting small courtyard on the East Road is "Yin Hotel", which was a guest house for receiving officials. This is the gate of Yin Hotel.
Opposite the gate is a green brick screen wall.
Yin Hotel has two entrances. After entering the gate, there is a small gate with hanging flowers.
After entering the small door with hanging flowers, it is the main room of Yin Hotel. Why is it called Yin Hotel? Ma Zhiyuan, a poet of the Yuan Dynasty, the one who wrote "withered vines, old trees, dark crows, small bridges and flowing water", wrote in the third fold of "Chen Tuan's High Lying", "He who is happy comes here without abandoning his widows. In the Yin Hotel, I haven’t met yet.” I don’t know if it’s because of his accent that he confused Yingbin with “Yinbin”. Anyway, it means the same thing.
Walk along the East Road to Donggongyan, walk westward from Yimen Gate, and you will arrive at the West Road Building of the Weizhou Administration.
This is the west lane running north-south.
Enter a small gate on the west side of Yimen, and you will come to the Temple of Hell.
"Prison God Temple" is a kind of temple or god case built in prisons in the feudal era. It enshrines the so-called "Prison God", hence the name.
When a criminal is first imprisoned, or before he is released after being sentenced, he must sacrifice to the prison god.
Before the Ming Dynasty, the "Prison God" was Gao Tao, but in the early Qing Dynasty, it was Xiao He.
This is the prison of the state government back then, and the green brick house on the south side of the small courtyard is the prison for the prisoners. Prison vehicles and instruments of torture are also exhibited in the courtyard.
There are stone steps next to it to go to the prison, where the jailer used to monitor the prisoners in the cell.
Standing on the roof of the prison building and looking southeast, the Wanshan Tower and Nan'an Temple Pagoda in the distance form a good picture.
At 17:00, we left Weizhou Office and walked to Nan'an Temple, 300 meters away, to continue our visit. 【To be continued】
