Plateau Little West Lake, Mengzi's Eyes, South Lake

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Plateau Little West Lake, Mengzi's Eyes, South Lake

Mengzi is the seat of the state capital of Honghe Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, and the central city of southern Yunnan. The terrain of Mengzi County is higher in the south and lower in the north. There is a water-logged grassland in the south of the county, and there is a lack of water in the drought. It is built into three hills, named after Penglai, Yingzhou, and Fangzhang Sanxian Mountains where immortals live in mythology, and attracts water from four springs, including Jiuji Spring and Faguo Spring, into the lake.

In the Qing Dynasty, dikes and bridges were built, and more than 2,600 feet of mountains were dug to attract water from the Baixi River, forming two large and small lakes with rippling blue waves.

Nanhu is also the place where Yunnan Crossing the Bridge Rice Noodles took place.

The surface of the lake is 300,000 square meters, the lake embankment is planted with weeping poplars, the three islands are connected by roads, and various pavilions and pavilions such as Yingzhou Pavilion have been built. Because scholars and scholars often come to gather, recite poems, write Fu, study poetry and books, and there is also a "sea of ​​learning" Known as "Panchi" in history, it is known as "Little West Lake". It is a good place for people to visit and relax.

From 1883 to 1885, the Qing army defeated the French army in the Sino-French War in the Vietnam War. However, the Qing government signed a treaty with France "taking advantage of the victory to seek peace". The Qing government recognized France's right to protect Vietnam, opened up Mengzi as a Sino-Vietnamese trade port, and allowed France to open commercial ports, set up consulates, and Privileges of Customs, Banks, Firms and Prisons. The French colonists then set up consulates, customs, hotels, churches, foreign firms, etc. in the east of Nanhu Lake. The French Concession in Mengzi was once famous in modern Chinese history. Countries such as Italy, Germany, the United States, and Japan successively set up consulates in Mengzi, and businessmen successively opened various foreign firms and hotels inside and outside the East Gate. "Little Paris". The preserved relics include Mengzi French Consulate Office, Customs and Taxation Department, French Prison, French Garden, Gelushi Foreign Firm, etc.

(Mengzi Customs, Qing Mengzi General Post Office, Southwest Associated University Mengzi Branch former site)

(French Garden, namely the General Administration of the French Yunnan-Vietnam Railway)

(Gelushi Foreign Trade Co., Ltd., Southwest Associated University Mengzi Branch Campus)

(French Prison)

In the thirteenth year of Guangxu (1887), Mi Leshi, the first French consul in Mengzi, bought land to build the consular office. The mansion is magnificent, Chinese palace style, with doors, windows and furnishings in Western style. It was the most luxurious building in Mengzi at that time. In 1938, it was used as the female dormitory of the School of Grammar and Law of Southwest Associated University.

In the fifteenth year of Guangxu (1889), Mengzi Customs officially opened. It was the first customs in modern Yunnan and one of the 21 major customs in modern China. The head of the Customs and Taxation Department is called the Taxation Department. From the switch to the 30th year of the Republic of China (1941), the position of the Taxation Department was appointed by foreigners from the Qing court. After Mengzi was opened to trade, most of Yunnan's imported and exported commodities were collected and distributed in Mengzi, and various retail outlets, restaurants, horse shops and other service industries that served import and export trade also sprang up.

In the 23rd year of Guangxu (1897), the first post office in Yunnan, the Mengzi General Post Office of the Qing Dynasty, was formally established in Mengzi Customs. Mengzi Customs did not end its 65-year history until 1954.

French Flower was originally the "General Administration of French Yunnan-Vietnam Railway". When the Yunnan-Vietnam Railway was being built, the Italian government once set up a Mongolian consulate here, and then moved out, and the railway supervision office appointed by France moved in. After the government office moved in, the two-story building full of French architectural style was often full of singing and dancing, wine and sex, and there were many lush flowers growing around the small building, so it was called the "French Garden" by the local people.

Southwest Associated University Mengzi Branch

In 1937, the July 7th Incident, the Anti-Japanese War broke out, and the vast areas of North China fell one after another. Peking University, Tsinghua University, and Nankai University were forced to move south. In October of the same year, the three schools merged to form the "National Changsha Temporary University". As the situation continued to deteriorate, in April 1938, the "National Changsha Temporary University" moved to Kunming and was renamed "National Southwest Associated University".

After the United Nations University arrived in Kunming, the school buildings were not enough for use. The level of social development in Mengzi at that time was very good. The Mengzi Yunnan-Vietnam Railway was connected to Kunming, with convenient transportation and vacant houses. The school decided to move the Faculty of Arts and the Faculty of Law and Business to Mengzi and merge them into the "College of Grammar and Law". It is called Southwestern Associated University Mengzi Branch.

The source of the school building of the United Nations University in Mengzi is partly rented vacant rooms left by the predecessors, such as Mengzi Customs, the Bank of France, and the French Consulate; the other part comes from the assistance of local people.

The Mengzi Customs and Taxation Department is used as the classrooms and offices of the branch school. Single teachers and students live in the Golushi foreign firm building near the lake, while teachers and girls with families live in the city on the north side of the South Lake.

There are 5 existing old sites, namely Gelushi Foreign Firm, Mengzi Customs Taxation Department, French Consulate, Zhou Family House, and Wang Family Old House.

Southwestern Associated University Motto: Fortitude and Perseverance

Colus & Co. is a two-story French-style building with brick and stone structure. There are more than 50 rooms, which are the headquarters and classrooms of the college.

At the end of July 1938, the semester ended, the new Kunming school building was completed, and the teachers and students of the Faculty of Arts and Law of the United Nations University moved back to Kunming.