Beihai Park was first built in the Liao Dynasty, and has passed through Jin, Yuan, Ming, Qing, Republic of China, and the People's Republic of China for thousands of years. It is the earliest royal palace in the world. Beihai Park is located in the central area of Beijing, on the west side of Jingshan Mountain in the city, and on the northwest side of the Forbidden City. Together with Zhonghai and Nanhai, it is called the Three Seas. It belongs to the ancient Chinese royal gardens. Centered on Beihai, the whole park covers an area of about 71 hectares, 583 acres of water surface and 480 acres of land.
Beihai Park is mainly composed of Beihai Lake and Qionghua Island. The Tibetan-style White Pagoda built on Qionghua Island at the mouth of the lake is the symbol of the whole park.
Zhizhu Hall, Banyue City is located at the foot of the east foot of Qiongdao, facing Zhishan Bridge in the west and east, and was built in the 16th year of Qianlong (1751). Zhizhu Hall is built on the platform of Banyue City, with red walls and green tiles, majestic and majestic. There are five archways facing each other on all sides. The central axis is symmetrical and the layout is unique.
Qiongdao Chunyin Monument "Qingdao Chunyin" is one of the "Eight Views of Yanjing" in the Jin Dynasty. The Qiongdao Chunyin Stele was erected in the 16th year of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty (1751 A.D.). On the front of the stele is engraved the four characters "Qiondao Chunyin" written by Emperor Qianlong. The other three sides are engraved with poems inscribed by Qianlong respectively.
Walking along the path next to the "Qingdao Chunyin Stele" inscribed by Emperor Qianlong, you can go straight to the winding "Jianchun Pavilion" and "Kan Gallery".
Yong'an Bridge was built in the 13th century and is the link between Tuancheng and Qiongdao. The bridge is built of white marble. There is a memorial archway at each end of the bridge, with "Duiyun" in the north and "Jicui" in the south, so it is named "Duiyun Jicui Bridge".
Under the vastness of Beihai, I felt the unique scenery among the green mountains and green waters of the Royal Royal Garden, which made me feel the profound history and culture of Beihai and the unique artistic style of gardening while playing.
In Beijing in autumn, the golden wind blows cool, the blue sky is like washing, the sun is bright and the air is clear, there are charming scenery everywhere, and the eyes are full of intoxicating beauty.
The most eye-catching and famous landscape in the park is the White Pagoda standing tall on Qiong Island in the park, which is the benchmark scenic spot of the park. No matter from which angle you look at the lakeshore of the park, the White Pagoda looks like a huge vase of white jade sculpture, or a fairy in white gauze, welcoming tourists from all directions in the world.
Mandarin ducks often come into pairs, loving each other on the water surface, leisurely and charming. In people's minds, mandarin ducks are a symbol of eternal love, a model of monogamy, love each other, and grow old together. It is even believed that once a mandarin duck becomes a spouse, it will accompany them for life. Even if one party dies unfortunately, the other party will no longer look for a new spouse. , but spent the rest of his life alone and desolate.
Jingxinzhai, formerly known as "Jingqingzhai", covers an area of about 8,700 square meters. It is the most exquisite garden within a garden in Beihai. Jingxinzhai was originally an ordinary official house in the Ming Dynasty. In the 24th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1757 A.D.), Jingxinzhai (called Jingqingzhai at that time) was built when the "West Heaven Brahma Realm" was expanded, also known as "Qianlong Small Garden". The main buildings in the park include Jingqingzhai, Baosu Bookstore, Yunqinzhai, Bixian Pavilion, Baking Tea Dock, Fuhua Pavilion, Qinquan Corridor, Zhenluan Pavilion, and Stone Bridge. Jingxinzhai rests on the mountain in the east, leans against the temple in the west, and faces Cangbo in the south. In the garden, there are pavilions, pavilions, corridors, pavilions, stone bridges, pools, stacked stones, rockeries and towers. It also has the taste of small and exquisite gardens in the south of the Yangtze River, and is a treasure of Chinese gardening art.
In the courtyard on the west side, there is a small pool surrounded by stacked stones. There is a corridor to the north. There is a hexagonal pavilion on the north side of the corridor. Against the backdrop of the stacked huge Taihu Lake stones, it looks very delicate and beautiful.
There is a winding climbing corridor on the northernmost side of the small courtyard, which is integrated with the courtyard wall in the form of a half-wall corridor.
"Xitian Fanjing" was originally the Lama Temple of Xitian Chanlin in the Ming Dynasty. The front (south) of the Xitian Fanjing complex is a glazed archway with four pillars and seven floors. The forehead on the front is called "Huazangjie", and the forehead on the back is called "Xumerhun". Both are written by Emperor Qianlong.
The Nine Dragon Wall is the shadow wall in front of the original Dayuanjing Zhibao Hall. It was built in the 21st year of Qianlong (1756). The wall is 5.96 meters high, 1.60 meters thick and 25.52 meters long. The two sides of the wall are inlaid with seven-color glazed bricks and tiles. There are nine colorful big panlongs on each side, flying and playing with pearls among the waves and clouds. There are 635 large and small dragons on the wall. There are three ancient Nine-Dragon Walls in China, but this one is a double-sided wall, which is the essence of Chinese glazed architectural art.
The Nine Dragon Wall also shows that our ancestors made good use of three-dimensional effects to depict the scene of nine dragons fighting for each other in a combination of movement and stillness.
Kuaixuetang Calligraphy Museum was first built in the forty-fourth year of Qianlong (1775), and there are two halls in the courtyard, Chengguantang and Yulanxuan. The four sides are connected by painted verandas. The verandas on the east and west sides of the Kuaixue hall are embedded with 80 ink and stone carvings of 20 calligraphers from the Jin Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty. Tang Ji is the most famous.
The remains of the Yuan Dynasty, the wall is brown, carved from neutral volcanic conglomerate, because the color and texture resemble iron, so it is called Iron Shadow Wall. The wall is 1.89 meters high and 3.56 meters long, with shallow carvings of cloud patterns and strange animals on both sides, and the carving is simple and vigorous. Tieyingbi was originally the screen wall in front of an ancient temple outside Jiandemen (now Deshengmen). In the early Ming Dynasty, the wall was moved to the front of Desheng Nunnery in Deshengmen (now in Tieyingbi Hutong). In 1947, the wall was moved to Beihai Park. In 1986, Beihai Park recovered the base from Tieyingbi Hutong, thus restoring this cultural relic. Old Beijing originally had the "Golden Gate Pier" at Di'anmen, the "Silver Gate" outside Dong'anmen, the "Tongjing" in Tongjing Hutong on Xinjiekou North Street, the "Tieyingbi" at Deshengmen and the "Tieyingbi" on the north bank of Taiye Pool. "Tin Temple", "gold, silver, copper, iron, tin" five historic sites, now only this "iron screen wall" remains.
Wulong Pavilion was built in the 30th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1602), with Longze Pavilion in the middle, Yongrui Pavilion and Fucui Pavilion on the left; Chengxiang Pavilion and Zixiang Pavilion on the right. It was originally a place for the emperor and his ministers to fish and admire the moon. In the 28th year of Qianlong (1763), the wooden curved bridge was changed into a stone bridge, and bluestone railings and pillars were installed. In the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu (1900), the fences and pillars were damaged by the Eight-Power Allied Forces, and they were restored as they were in 1974. The existing Wulong Pavilion has become a place for people to look at the White Pagoda and the lakes and mountains of the North Sea and rest.
Wulong Pavilion is said to be the place where the emperor and his ministers used to fish and enjoy the moon. There are five pavilions. The five pavilions have distinct primary and secondary, flying gold and color, and winding bridges, floating and moving, just like swimming dragons playing in the water, so it is called Wulong Pavilion, which is an important scenic spot on the shore of Beihai Lake.
The red pillars and green tiles of the colorful pavilion, the yellow eaves and ridges, and the white bridge railings all show the royal style.
Xiaoxitian was first built in the 33rd year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1768 A.D.) and completed in the 35th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1770 A.D.). It was built by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty to celebrate the birthday of his mother, the Empress Dowager. The main building is the Paradise of Bliss, with a total area of 1,200 square meters and a beam span of 13.5 meters. It is the largest square pavilion-style palace building in China. "World" is Qianlong's imperial pen. On the top is the golden octagonal dome Tuanlong caisson, which is very solemn. The hall is surrounded by water on all sides, and there are bridges to connect it. There is a glazed archway in the east, west, north, south, and a small square pavilion in each corner.
Beihai Park not only retains the basic form of realizing the imaginary artistic conception of fairy palace gardens in the peak period of history with superb gardening art, but also integrates the achievements of Chinese temple gardens, Jiangnan literati gardens and religious scenic spots in the entire palace garden. , with its grand scale, long history and superb artistic achievements, it is indeed a masterpiece of Chinese royal gardens.
