Taiyuan
Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi Province, referred to as "Bing (bīng)", also known as Bingzhou, Jinyang in ancient times, also known as Dragon City, is an excellent tourist city in China, a national historical and cultural city, a national garden city, a core city in the Taiyuan metropolitan area, and a political city in Shanxi Province. , economy, culture, transportation and international exchange center, is a city with a history of more than 4,700 years and a history of 2,500 years of city building. ancient capital. Taiyuan City is surrounded by mountains on three sides, and the Fen River, the second largest tributary of the Yellow River, flows through it from north to south. It has the reputation of "Splendid Taiyuan City" since ancient times. It is an important military and cultural town in northern China, a world Shanxi merchant city, and one of China's energy and heavy industry bases .
Day 1 Shanxi Museum
1. Shanxi Museum
Shanxi Museum is located at No. 13, North Section of Binhe West Road, West Bank of Fenhe River, Taiyuan City. It was formerly known as the Shanxi Education Book Museum founded in 1919, and has been renamed several times since then. It has been called Shanxi Provincial Museum since 1953. The foundation stone of the new museum was laid on August 10, 2001. It was completed in 2004 and named Shanxi Museum. The basic display of Shanxi Museum takes "Jin Soul" as the theme. It consists of 7 historical themes including Shanxi Merchants and 5 art themes including "Civil, Wood and Huazhang", "Mountain and River Elite", "Han Mo Dan Qing", "Square and Round World", and "Porcelain Garden Artwork".
"Cradle of Civilization"
It consists of two units, the ancient holy fire and the root of China, showing the ancient human beings and civilizations in Shanxi.
"Traces of Xia Shang"
It is composed of Daxia Ruins, Yin and Shang important places, and Fangguo Relics, which clearly shows that Jinnan is one of the central areas of Xia culture.
"Jin Kingdom Hegemony"
Jinnan is the first feudal land and central area of Jin State, with rich relics. "Qucun-Tianma Ruins" is the early capital of Jin State. "Houma Jin State Ruins" is Xintian, the capital of the late Jin State. The "Jinyang Ancient City" in the middle was the political and military base of Zhao Jianzi, who was in power at the end of the Jin Dynasty, and later became the initial capital of the Zhao Kingdom.
"National Melting Pot"
Since the Han Dynasty, various ethnic groups in the north have continuously collided with the Central Plains, and cultural exchanges and national integration have also occurred. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Central Plains were turbulent, and various ethnic groups in Mobei rose one after another, occupying Shanxi, and galloping through the Central Plains. More than 300 years of war and suffering have also contributed to an unprecedented scale of ethnic integration in Chinese history.
"Buddha Relic"
It displays ancient Buddhist sculptures in Shanxi, including not only Yungang Grottoes and Tianlongshan Grottoes, but also various Buddha statues from ancient temples in the countryside.
"Hometown of Opera"
It shows that Shanxi is one of the birthplaces of Chinese opera and has the reputation of "the hometown of Chinese opera art".
"Ming and Qing Jin Merchants"
In the early years of the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi merchants took advantage of the huge military demand in the northern frontier fortress of the Ming Dynasty and the implementation of the "Kaizhong" salt law as an opportunity to start dealing in grain and salt, and gradually rose.
"Porcelain Garden Artwork"
Among the porcelains from the Northern Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties collected by the Shanxi Museum, the northern porcelains are the most distinctive. There are celadon from the Northern Dynasties, celadon and white porcelain from the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and famous kiln porcelain from the Song Dynasty. Shanxi was an important porcelain producing area in the north during the Song and Yuan dynasties.
"Square World"
Ancient Chinese currency was mainly made of metal coins, which originated in the Xia and Shang Dynasties and ended in the late Qing Dynasty. The ancient Chinese coins collected by Shanxi Museum reproduce the historical track of the emergence and development of ancient Chinese coins to a certain extent.
"Han Mo Dan Qing"
Shanxi Museum has thousands of paintings and calligraphy from past dynasties, and selected works from the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties are on display.
"Mountain Elite"
"100 Years of Shanxi Museum"
"Andean Civilization Exhibition"
Day 2 Shanxi Geological Museum and Yingze Park
1. Shanxi Geological Museum
The predecessor of Shanxi Geological Museum was the Geological Museum of Shanxi Geological Department established in 1960, and then changed its name to Shanxi Geological and Mineral Resources Bureau Geological and Mineral Resources Exhibition Hall and Shanxi Geological and Mineral Resources Museum. The foundation of the new museum was laid on March 1, 2007. It was completed in 2014 and named Shanxi Geological Museum.
The theme exhibition of the new museum consists of four parts: time travel, ancient species, earth treasures and Wuhua Tianbao, which respectively display the geological history, biological evolution, mineral resource endowment and mineral rock essence of Shanxi Province. Most of the exhibits are local discoveries in Shanxi Province, such as Stegosaurus and Yungangsaurus fossils discovered in Zuoyun County, Tybosaurus maxilla and dentary fossils discovered in Tianzhen County, and rhinoceros fossils discovered in Xing County . In particular, the Shanxi crocodile fossil found in Ji County is currently the only one in the world, which provides an important basis for the study of the Chinese Ken's fauna in the mid-Triassic period. Another important exhibit, the "dog head gold" weighing 425 grams, is called "the first gold in North China" by experts, and its formation and discovery process is also full of legends.
Shanxi Geological Museum is open to the public free of charge, and visitors can get tickets with valid certificates (ID card, military officer card, student card).
Closed days: Monday, Tuesday (except holidays); New Year's Eve - the third day of the first month
Tour guide explanation: call 0351-4069643 to make an appointment one day in advance
Main visiting route: Enter the entrance hall on the east side of the building from Binhe West Road, and then reach the exhibition space on the 4th floor through the vertical transportation system for a rotating visit. The circular shape formed by the exhibition space of the spiral platform is flat and stretched, leaving sufficient creative space for the display of the magnificent natural geological content, and will also create a new and different visiting environment for the audience to visit the museum.
"Wuhua Tianbao"
"time travel"
From the Big Bang to the formation of galaxies and the structure of the earth, the time-traveling exhibition hall focuses on the types, structures, and structures of meteorites.
"Ancient Species"
Ancient species can be described as a highlight exhibition hall of the Shanxi Geological Museum. It displays paleontological fossils with Shanxi characteristics. The representative discoveries and relatively complete fossil species include the Shanxi crocodile and parakensia in the Chinese Kensia fauna and Cretaceous dinosaur fauna. The Shanxi crocodile specimen on display was discovered in the Triassic strata by the Yellow River in 2010, and it is the most complete skeleton preserved in the world so far.
"Earth Treasure"
The Treasures of the Earth exhibition area will focus on displaying the three dominant minerals in Shanxi - coal, aluminum, and iron. An important exhibit in this exhibition hall, weighing 425 grams, is called "the first gold in North China" by experts. It looks like a toad, also known as "North China Golden Toad". Its texture is relatively pure, and its purity can reach more than 90%.
2. Yingze Park
Yingze Park is the largest park in Taiyuan City, and it got its name because it was located outside Yingze Gate in ancient Taiyuan City. The total area of Yingze Park is 666,900 square meters, and the water surface of Yingze Lake accounts for one-third of the total area. It mainly includes science popularization area, scenic area and recreational area. Yingze Park was officially opened in June 1957. The park is now open to the public free of charge.
Yongzuo Temple
Yongzuo Temple was founded in 1599 (the twenty-seventh year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), and was originally named Yongming Temple. In 1608 (the thirty-sixth year in Wanli), the eminent monk Miaofeng (Fudeng) of Wutai Mountain continued to build it and renamed it Yongzuo temple. In the early Qing Dynasty, the mountain gate was continued, the meditation hall and temples were improved, and a small-scale temple was formed. However, during the years of war, the ancient temple has experienced many vicissitudes, and by the end of the Republic of China, it was already devastated and bruised. After the founding of new China, it has been repaired many times. A new stele corridor was built, the front yard was imitated, and peonies were widely planted, which made the ancient temple look new.
Yongzuo Temple, commonly known as Shuangta Temple among the people, faces north from the south, including temples, pagoda courtyards, and stele corridor courtyards. The main buildings of the temple are Shanmen, Ermen, Sanmen, Daxiong Hall, Meditation Hall, Guest Hall, Abbot’s Courtyard, Guodian, and Houdian. There are two towers in the tower courtyard, the east and the west, both octagonal in plane, and 13-storey pavilion-style hollow brick towers. The height of the stupa is 54.78 meters, and the score is relatively obvious. The height of the Wenfeng Pagoda is 54.76 meters, and there is no obvious score. There are more than 200 stone inscriptions in the "Baoxiantang Jigufatie" and "Gubaoxiantangfatie" carved in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
There are more than 6,000 peonies of various colors in Yongzuo Temple, especially Zixia Xian, a famous peony. It is the only surviving Ming Dynasty peony in China, and it is also the oldest surviving temple peony in China. On May 25, 2006, it was announced by the State Council as the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
1. Lifo Temple
Yongzuo Temple covers a total area of 120,000 square meters. It is built on the mountain, facing south and north, with three courtyards. Enter from the north mountain gate.
The first entrance courtyard was expanded in the 1980s by imitating the shape of the Ming Dynasty.
The second entrance is "Gion Scenic View", called Peony Court, which is full of peonies of various colors, with the charm of northern gardens; the exhibition room stretching eastward displays inscriptions, statues, etc. collected from the city.
The third courtyard is "Yongzuo Zen Forest", which is called Lifoyuan.
The five halls of the Daxiong Palace are exquisitely structured two-eave pavilions, all of which are made of blue bricks to form columns, eaves, bucket arches, sparrows, pendant columns and patterns, etc., imitating wooden structures, and the arches are used in the hall. , is a typical beamless building in the Ming Dynasty, so it is called "Infinite Hall". In the center of the hall is a 3.85-meter-high vertical gold-plated bronze statue of Amitabha Buddha, with Sakyamuni and Medicine Buddha seated iron statues on both sides. It is the Buddhist place of Pure Land Buddhism. In front of the hall, there are two lilacs and peonies planted in the Ming Dynasty. There is Sansheng Pavilion on the top of the Daxiong Hall, a single-eave Xieshan-top building, with brick-carved bucket arches on the top, with layers of overhangs, stacked upwards, forming a set of arches, and building a brick caisson with a large bottom and a small top. It is an infinite style of ancient Chinese architecture. Treasures in the palace. In the hall, there were original statues of "Three Sages of the West", and now there are three statues of Ming sculptures, which are exquisite in craftsmanship and are also the best among Ming sculptures.
2. Twin Towers Soaring to the Sky
The east door of Lifoyuan leads to the pagoda courtyard. Compared with Yongzuo Zen Forest, the Pagoda Courtyard is also called the Upper Courtyard. The central axis of Yongzuo Zen Forest is north-south, while the axis of the pagoda courtyard is southeast-northwest, which reflects the traditional Chinese concept, especially the moral of Taoism to pray for the prosperity of literature with the spirit of the southeast. Along this axis, there are new towers, passing halls, old towers and pavilion-style apse in turn.
The Twin Towers of Yongzuo Temple, also known as Lingxiao Twin Towers, are the tallest existing ancient buildings in Taiyuan. It is located at the foot of the mountain in the southeast of Taiyuan City. The two pagodas in Yongzuo Temple are like a pair of twin sisters, forming an interesting contrast. The Lingxiao Twin Towers also have a beautiful nickname—Writing and Writing Twin Peaks. These two twin sister pagodas, one is the "Wenfeng Pagoda" built first, and the other is the "Story Pagoda" built later. The towering and handsome twin towers are the most twin towers in my country.
3. Yongzuo Peony
There are more than 40 precious varieties of peonies in Yongzuo Temple, including Yaohuang, Weizi, Zhaofen, Doulu, Zhuangyuanhong, Qinglongwomochi, Bixuedansha, etc. What is even more valuable is that there are dozens of Ming Dynasty peonies named Zixiaxian, also known as Ziyunxian. This kind of peony has been planted for a long time and is relatively rare. The flower type is single petal, and the flowering period is long. Among many peony varieties, it blooms the earliest. The flowers are as big as a plate, and the petals are flesh-red when they first bloom, and they are fragrant and rose-scented. When they are in full bloom, they are lavender and have a stronger fragrance.
The Zixia fairy peony planted in front of the main hall of the temple has experienced hundreds of springs and autumns. Although it is old and dry, it is still vigorous and vigorous. Here, peony is not only a symbol of wealth and honor in folk culture, but more importantly, it means waiting for the arrival of "southeast air". The realm of Yunchangxing.
