Living in Beijing for so many years, I have been to many royal gardens, famous temples, and former residences of celebrities, but it is a pity that I have not been to the very famous and story-telling Prince Kung’s Mansion. In the past ten years or so, "Heshen Opera" has been broadcast a lot. While Heshen is well-known to everyone, it also makes Prince Gong's Mansion very famous. The officials who come to Beijing to study and train like to take a walk here, reminiscing about history and enlightening officialdom. The big money walks here to feel the wealth, condenses the wealth, and the "wrist" who plays with culture holds inspiration here, and uses small topics to make up big stories. Most people listen to the "stories repeated thousands of times", and they are also full of emotions.
One day in summer, the wind was sunny, and I had nothing to do. I took a bus at the back door of Beihai, walked 500 meters along the front Haixi Street, and came to Prince Gong's Mansion.
At the same time, I stayed in a courtyard hotel in Nanluoguxiang——Weiming Courtyard Hotel
Nanluoguxiang Baochao Hutong is a very distinctive courtyard hotel. It is also the residence of Ren Zan, a third-rank military officer in the mid-Qing Dynasty. The courtyard is very antique, elegant and charming. It is a must-see place to experience the old Beijing culture, and it is also the place where Internet celebrities check in in Nanluoguxiang.
Tell me about Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Kung’s Mansion is located in Housanhai, the inner city of Beijing. It is a treasure land of Fengshui with beautiful environment. It was built in the 41st year of Qianlong (AD 1776). Since the development of the mansion, it is 330 meters long from north to south, and 180 meters wide from east to west.
Prince Gong's Mansion
The mansion of Prince Gong is divided into east, middle and west roads, and each road runs through four courtyards. The east road goes to Pu Shanghua, the middle road is solemn and solemn, and the west road is simple and elegant. The three-way building is self-contained and harmonious. It not only embodies the royal style and majesty, but also has folk exquisite decoration style. The garden integrates Jiangnan gardens and northern architectural styles, and integrates Western architecture and Chinese classical architecture into one garden. Prince Kung's Mansion is one of the important representatives of the Qing Dynasty's palace architecture, and it is also the most important expression of the most mature period of Chinese traditional architecture and gardening skills.
Prince Gong's Mansion
There are dozens of palaces in Beijing. Over the past hundred years, due to urban construction being destroyed or used for other purposes, only Prince Gong’s Palace has been preserved with its original style and opened to the outside world. Because many old buildings in other old palaces have been demolished, new buildings have been replaced. It has been built, and the Prince Gong's Mansion may become an orphan in the future. The sentence "One Prince Gong's Mansion, half of the history of the Qing Dynasty" is more meaningful. .
Prince Gong's Mansion
In Prince Gong’s Mansion, Fu culture runs through all the time. The most precious blessing is the stele of Fuzi written by Emperor Kangxi. In Beijing today, apart from official documents, there are only three Kangxi inscriptions that have been verified: "Wuwei" is on the plaque of Jiaotai Hall in the Forbidden City. It is stamped with a seal, but the seal of "The Treasure of Kangxi's Imperial Brush" is on top of the "Fu", which is of great significance.
Prince Gong's Mansion
From Qianhai West Street to the north and the front to the west, it is close to the Housanhai (Qianhai, Houhai, Jishuitan), there are many palaces, many former residences of celebrities, and the hutongs and courtyard houses are decent. It is the most lively area of Beijing Hutong tour, so it is also Before arriving at Prince Kung's Mansion, the characteristics of old Beijing came oncoming, but there were very few Beijing uncles riding tricycles, and most of them were migrant workers. Inside the gray wall is the former residence of Guo Moruo.
Prince Gong's Mansion
In front of Prince Gong’s Futou Palace is a large empty space, which is the first courtyard on the middle road and the largest courtyard in the mansion buildings. Here I feel that Prince Kung's Mansion is very grand. In fact, it is a little bigger than "Qiao's House" in Shanxi and smaller than "Wang's House", but the place is different and the culture is different.
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Looking in from the gate of the first palace, the building of the gate of the second palace is ordinary, and there are no east and west supporting halls. The central axis of the road is high and raised, which symbolizes that the owner is flat and steadily rising.
Prince Gong's Mansion
In the third courtyard of the middle road, there is the main hall of Prince Gong’s Mansion——Yin’an Hall, commonly known as “Yinluan Hall”, which is the place where important ritual activities are held in the palace. Corresponding to the Golden Temple.
The original Yin'an Hall, together with the East and West Side Halls, was burned down on the night of the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first lunar month in 1921 due to the fire of incense. The current Yin'an Hall was rebuilt as it was.
Prince Gong's MansionPrince Gong's Mansion
The second courtyard in front of the second palace gate on the middle road also looks very large and spacious because there are no side halls on both sides. Tourists pass by one after another, showing that this place is quiet.
Prince Gong's Mansion
The main hall in the Forbidden City is covered with golden roof tiles, a symbol of imperial power at that time. The main hall of the palace is covered with green roof tiles, and the side hall is gray, which is a symbol of royal power.
Prince Gong's Mansion
In the Yin'an Hall, there is an exhibition of the palace of the Qing Dynasty
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince's official uniform
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Tuanlong gown - is an ornament on the court clothes of the princes of the Qing Dynasty, as a symbol of eight points. Clans below Bafen Township cannot use it. Princes who do not enter the Bafen town line up left and right during the pilgrimage, and princes and generals who do not enter the town can only walk with the flag during the pilgrimage.
Prince Gong's Mansion
The official uniforms of these three princes all have tuanlong gowns
Prince Gong's Mansion
Come to the fourth courtyard on the middle road - the main hall Jiale hall, the east side hall Jiayou hall, and the west side hall Jiaxi hall. In the palace, this courtyard is a shrine and a place for worshiping shamanism. There is an exhibition of the quintessence of China. I have not opened the door when I came, and the tall ginkgo in the courtyard is eye-catching.
Prince Gong's Mansion
In front of Jiaxi Palace
Prince Gong's Mansion
After viewing the middle road, turn back to the front yard of the palace gate, and enter the first courtyard of the East Road building through the East Chuantang Gate——Wenyuan
Prince Gong's Mansion
An exhibition is being set up in the Wenyuan to display costumes with oriental culture, and the sponsor is a Shanghai cultural company. I admired it for a while, the grade is not low.
Prince Gong's Mansion
The second courtyard behind Wenyuan is now called the intangible cultural heritage exhibition hall, and outsiders are not allowed to enter. What is puzzling about this is that people from Shanghai rented this courtyard, but the 40 yuan ticket for Prince Gong’s Mansion has not been reduced, and it is the common people who suffer.
Prince Gong's Mansion
I still have to go back to the middle road. After someone pointed out that there is a road between the middle road building and the east and west buildings in the third courtyard, I can go to the east road from there.
Prince Gong's Mansion
The narrow road makes the several main halls of Prince Gong's Mansion relatively independent and separated from each other.
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
The third courtyard on the East Road - Duofuxuan, called "Yanxi Hall" in the Heshen period, was the residence of Heshen's son and Qianlong's daughter.
Prince Gong's Mansion
During the time of Prince Gong, it was changed to Duofuxuan, which was the hall and living room of the palace, where visitors, relatives and friends were received, requests from subordinates were answered, and gifts from the emperor were stored.
Prince Gong's Mansion
On the four walls of the hall near the ceiling, there are plaques with characters of blessing and longevity, and the red square paper is placed in a prism shape. Since Kangxi, every year in winter, the emperor has to personally write the words "Fu and Shou" and give them to the king, duke, minister and concubine. According to the usual practice, the old Doufang with Fushou characters cannot be removed, but the new Doufang with Fushou characters is pasted directly on the old one, which means "increasing blessings and longevity".
Prince Gong's Mansion
In the middle of Duofuxuan, the plaque of "Tongde Yanxi Palace" is hung, which means to remind the owner that only you and the emperor can prolong the Jubilee Dynasty. Jubilee: good luck, good luck and long life.
The wind and seal color paintings of the Qianlong period are preserved on the inner beam of the pavilion. Although only a part of the wind tail pattern remains, it has special value. Its existence proves that the mansion east road was once the princess mansion.
Prince Gong's Mansion
In the East Side Hall of Duofuxuan, there are exhibitions on the relationship between Cao Xueqin, the Grand View Garden and the palace
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
The fourth courtyard on the East Road is the largest building on the East Road. The main building is "Ledao Hall", which was the residence of Princess Qianlong during the Heshen period and the residence of the prince during the Prince Gong period. Now the interior is displayed as it was when Prince Gong lived. For some reason, the door of Le Dao Hall is closed and cannot be visited.
The plaque in Le Dao Hall was written by Emperor Daoguang and bestowed on Prince Gong Yiyi.
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Enter the West Road Building from the West Chuantang Gate, the Tea Garden in the first courtyard
Prince Gong's Mansion
Renhe Hall in the tea garden
Prince Gong's Mansion
Kuai Xue Zhai in the tea garden
Prince Gong's Mansion
The second courtyard on the West Road - Jialetang, the plaque of Jialetang is said to be given to Heshen by Qianlong. During the period of Prince Gong, it was turned into a "sacred temple", and it was the place where Shamanism sacrificial activities were held in the palace.
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
The ancient Mongolians believed in shamanism first, and shamanism worshiped gods, and worshiping ancestors and heaven was the most important.
Prince Gong's Mansion
The Manchu people reverence the crow and regard it as the god of saving lives.
Prince Gong's Mansion
full of blessing culture
Prince Gong's Mansion
From here, enter the third courtyard of West Road—Baoguang Room
Prince Gong's Mansion
The buildings on the West Road of Prince Gong’s Mansion are more refined than those on the Middle and East Roads, mainly manifested in the third and fourth courtyards. The Baoguang Room is simple and elegant as a whole, well-proportioned, with four big trees covering the sky and the sun.
Prince Gong's Mansion
The Baoguang Room was presumed to be the living room during the reigns of Heshen and King Qing. During the reign of Prince Gong, it was a more private living room than Duofuxuan on the East Road. Those who can come here are the prince’s close relatives and friends. In my opinion, in such a large palace, it is not uncommon for two courtyards to be turned into guest courtyards.
Prince Gong's Mansion
In the second year of Xianfeng, when Emperor Xianfeng accompanied Yizhen's biological mother (the noble concubine of Emperor Daoguang) to visit Prince Gong's new mansion, he stayed here and wrote the plaques of "Baoguang Room" and "Duofuxuan".
Prince Gong's Mansion
This exhibition is a must see
Prince Gong's Mansion
Restoring the old gold brick pavement
Prince Gong's Mansion
It has to be said that there is a big gap between He Shen's real image and the image of the film and television works. He Shen is an out-and-out handsome man, with the wind in Yushu, quick in action, dignified in demeanor, and humorous in speech.
Prince Gong's Mansion
In the Qing Dynasty, only the Zhenghuang Banner, Xianghuang Banner, and Zhengbai Banner were the upper three banners, and He Shen was not an aristocrat.
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
I still did some serious things with the grown-ups.
Prince Gong's Mansion
He Zhongtang really manages every day
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Baoguang Room is separated from Xijinzhai, with a green bamboo in the middle, like a screen.
Prince Gong's Mansion
There are many lattice windows on the outer wall of Xijinzhai, which are very beautiful and different.
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Enter the fourth courtyard of West Road——Xijinzhai
Prince Gong's Mansion
Xijinzhai is a masterpiece of Prince Gong's mansion, and its exquisiteness is also one of the best among the Qing Dynasty residential buildings in the whole capital. This hall was named "Qingyi Hall" by Prince Gong at the time. In the sixth year of Guangxu, Prince Gong obtained the earliest surviving calligraphy work of a famous artist in China from Prince Cheng. In this hall, "Qingyitang" was later changed to "Xijinzhai", Xitong "gift", and Jin refers to the treasure "Pingfutie" of the Jin Dynasty. Behind Xijinzhai is Prince Gong's study.
Prince Gong's Mansion
The West Side Hall—Erzhai, stores the inscriptions of Prince Gong's calligraphy and flowers, and takes Erzhai, which means that the collection is only mediocre compared with "Ping Fu Tie".
Prince Gong's Mansion
The beautiful main entrance of Xijinzhai has various flower windows on the outer wall.
Prince Gong's Mansion
East Side Hall - Leguzhai, where antiques are stored
Prince Gong's Mansion
Some people may ask, where did the collections of Prince Gong in Xijinzhai go? It's a very sad story.
In 1912, when the Qing Dynasty came to an end, Prince Xiaogong Puwei conspired to restore it, and was used by the Japanese military to start the Manchurian and Mongolian Independence Movement. This requires a lot of money, and selling the collection and real estate of Prince Gong's Mansion has become Pu Wei's only choice. He packaged the entire collection of cultural relics in Prince Gong's Mansion to Japan's Yamanaka Chamber of Commerce, making these fine works of Chinese traditional culture and art scattered around the world, becoming an eternal pain.
In 2002, the Museum of Prince Kung’s Mansion learned that Professor Noboru Tomita of Tohoku University had published a monograph entitled “Outflow of Royal Treasures of the Qing Dynasty”.
In 2004, the staff of the Prince Kung Fu Museum went to Japan to interview Professor Noboru Tomita and Jo Yamanaka, the descendant of Sadajiro Yamanaka, the founder of the Yamanaka Chamber of Commerce in Japan.
Learn about the collection of cultural relics in Prince Kung's Mansion.
When Yamanaka Shojiro came to Prince Kung’s Mansion, Prince Kung’s Prince Puwei was not in Beijing. The steward of Prince Kung’s Mansion took the lead to visit and exchanged views on some treasures. The Japanese found that the steward of Prince Kung’s Mansion had no understanding of the value and market conditions of these cultural relics. . The packaged purchases were carried out in more than 20 warehouses such as Ruyi warehouse, calligraphy and painting warehouse, and bronze warehouse in Prince Gong's Mansion. The specific list has not been announced. Both the Shanzhong Chamber of Commerce and Pu Wei deliberately downplayed this transaction.
In 1913, the Shanzhong Chamber of Commerce held the "Prince Kung's Mansion Cultural Relics Auction" in New York, USA, with an auction catalog (photos of cultural relics in Prince Kung's Mansion, English description), and 536 cultural relics (more than 250 pieces of jade, more than 110 pieces of bronze, More than 130 pieces of porcelain), without first-class auctions, with a total transaction price of more than 280,000 US dollars, setting an auction record at that time, and accompanied by a group photo of Yamanaka Sadajiro and the chief steward of Prince Gong's Mansion. Soon the Shanzhong Chamber of Commerce auctioned more than 110 pieces in the UK, with a transaction price of 6,255 pounds.
Professor Noboru Tomita estimated that the Yamanaka Chamber of Commerce received more than 2,000 pieces of cultural relics from Prince Kung's Mansion, mainly through retail sales at specialty stores in the United States and Europe, and the auction was only to clear the inventory.
After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the United States sealed up all the inventory of the Yamanaka Chamber of Commerce and unilaterally auctioned it 23 times, causing the Yamanaka Chamber of Commerce to lose nearly 80% of its property and go bankrupt. That is to say, it is impossible to provide a complete sales slip
The Museum of Prince Kung’s Mansion has more than 50,000 pieces of cultural relics in its collection, but there are very few that belong to the old collection of Prince Kung’s Mansion. It is worth mentioning that the son of Prince Gong Puwei was not rich in the latter half of his life, but he went to Prince Kung’s Mansion as soon as he found treasures. delivery.
Prince Gong's Mansion
This Shangshui stone is an old object from that year, and has witnessed the changes of Prince Gong's Mansion for hundreds of years.
Prince Gong's Mansion
The brick carvings of Prince Kung’s Mansion are also top-notch.
Prince Gong's Mansion
Wooden corridor, brick carving, color painting
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
The east, west and north of the main hall of Xijinzhai are two-story fairy buildings, all of which are separated by nanmu partitions. At that time, this kind of high-end inner eaves decoration, that is, "a small house in a big house", and "a small building on a small house", was only available in the royal family. This is the best house He-Adult has built for himself, and it is also the deepest hole He-Adult has dug for himself.
Prince Gong's Mansion
In addition to the nanmu decoration, another highlight is the gold brick floor and the furniture inlaid with cars imported from Russia.
Prince Gong's Mansion
It is a pity that Xijinzhai can only be watched at the door and cannot enter.
Prince Gong's Mansion
After watching the middle, east and west buildings of Prince Gong's mansion, we came to the back building. It is one of the three musts of Prince Gong's Mansion. The so-called "extreme" means that the length is the longest in the building regulations of the palaces of the Qing Dynasty. This building has two floors, 45 rooms on each floor, and there are some rooms at the corner. It is 150 meters long and is described as ninety-nine and a half rooms, which corresponds to nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine and a half rooms in the Forbidden City.
Prince Gong's Mansion
The back building is Heshen's warehouse, called "Treasure Building", which contains countless treasures of gold and silver, pearls and jade, and silk and satin. After the death of Emperor Qianlong, Jiaqing issued a decree to arrest Heshen, list 20 major crimes, and confiscate one billion taels of silver, which is equivalent to the sum of the treasury revenue of the court for more than ten years, and more than 40 times the property of Louis XIV of France.
Prince Gong's Mansion
Xijinzhai and the back cover building
Prince Gong's Mansion
Westward extension of the rear building
Prince Gong's Mansion
In the back building, there is an exhibition of religious activities in the palace
Prince Gong's Mansion
Clothing for shaman priests
Prince Gong's Mansion
In addition to shamanism, there are also Buddhist activities.
Prince Gong's Mansion
Prince Gong's Mansion
Like the Forbidden City, Prince Kung's Mansion also has copper vats filled with water and lotus flowers. The first half of Prince Gong's Mansion is here, thank you.
