my country is an ancient country with a history of 5,000 years. It has a large number of ancient capitals and cities. Xi'an, Luoyang, Beijing, Kaifeng, Nanning, etc. are all familiar ancient capitals. There is also a little-known ancient capital of the two dynasties—Yemili, how many people know this ancient capital of the two dynasties?
Yemili used to be the name of a river (that is, today's Emin River), and the name of the ancient city probably originated from this river. The ancient Yemili has disappeared into the smoke and dust of history, and now there is only one site left. It is located in the south of the road from Emin Town, Emin County, Xinjiang to Jelagash Township, 2.5 east of the Yemul Ranch. It is 7.5 kilometers away from the county seat and 565.6 meters above sea level. The site is now a high-slope earth beam covered with weeds, covering an area of about 6 square kilometers, and the platform base is more than 2 meters higher than the surrounding area. Yemili Ancient City faces Wuerkashaer Mountain in the east and Taerbahatai Mountain in the west. Not far from the northwest, the Emin River flows slowly. Standing on the high slope of the ruins and looking around, the plains are open, the mountains are far away and the water is close, and it looks like an emperor.
On the site, a pavilion and a huge stone tablet engraved with the introduction of Yemili were built. According to the above introduction and the explanation of the tour guide, we can initially restore the glory that Yemili once had, and the Yemili area It used to be an important nomadic land for the ancient Turkic people, and the grassland stone people scattered in the county silently tell this history. After the fall of the Liao Kingdom, Yelu Dashi, who harbored hatred for his family and country, left the Central Plains and moved to the Western Regions. In 1132, the Yelu Dashi Expeditionary Army arrived in the Emin River Basin, built a city in Emin, ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, established the Xiliao Kingdom, and began the history of Xiliao dominating Central Asia.
According to the "Xin Yuan History" records "Taizu returned to the east, and the four sons were appointed to divide the land". The third son, Wokuotai, was granted the title of Wokuotai with the land along the Yemili River, and it was called the Wokuotai Khanate. It owned the upper reaches of the Irtysh River and the area east of Lake Balkhash, and established its capital on the south bank of the Yemili River, so it was called " Also Lost City". The city is square, so it is also called "Dulubjin". In 1219, Genghis Khan led an army of 200,000 to march westward, sweeping across Europe and Asia in five years, reaching Eastern Europe and northern Iran, defeating Russia, and advancing as far as Poland and Hungary, destroying Mulaiyi, Xiabaoda (now Baghdad), and occupying In Southwest Asia, wherever the iron hoof goes, it is invincible. In 1225, Genghis Khan divided the princes, and the victory of the Mongolian Western Expedition established the Four Great Khanates. Among them, the Wokuotai Khanate was the fiefdom of the third son, Wokuotai, and its ruling scope included today's four northern counties in the Tacheng area and western Mongolia. Yemili became the political, economic and cultural center of the Wokuotai Khanate at that time.
In 1225, Wokuotai Khan built the capital city on the south bank of the upper reaches of the Emin River (now Gesheng Village in Yemul Ranch), and named it "Yemili City" after the river. The city is square, so it is also called "Dulubujin" (Meaning Fangchengzi in Mongolian). Genghis Khan died of illness in 1227. In 1229, the kings elected Wo Kuotai to succeed him as the Great Khan of Mongolia. Wo Kuotai Khan then went to Mongolia and Lin to build a city and designated it as the capital. When he left, he gave his fiefdom to his eldest son Guiyou to inherit.
Wokuotai died in 1241, and his son Guiyou took over as the Great Khan of Mongolia in 1246. Guiyou died in 1249. In 1251, Meng Ge, the eldest son of Genghis Khan’s fourth son Tuo Lei, succeeded the Great Khan of Mongolia. Later, Meng Ge moved the capital from Helin. To Kaiping in Rehe, Mengge was killed by an arrow in Hezhou in 1259. In 1260, Tuolei's fourth son, Kublai Khan, Mengge's younger brother, took over as the Great Khan of Mongolia. In 1264, Kublai Khan moved his capital to Daxing (Beijing) , the founding name is Yuan. Since 1251, the position of the Mongolian Great Khan has been transferred from the Wokuotai system to the Tuolei system. In 1269, Sun Haidu of Wokuotai used Yemili as a base, contacted the kings of the Northwest, and rebelled against Kublai Khan. In 1309, Chabaer and Yangjichaer, the sons of Haidu, fled after failing to oppose Chagatai Urus, and the Wokuotai Khanate perished. Yemili City was also destroyed by the war and became ruins.
After thousands of years of wind and rain, the famous ancient city has long since disappeared. The ruins are just a barren hillside highland, and not many people know its glorious history. Until 2009, Emin County restored the ruins of the ancient city of Yemili. The county invested money at the entrance of the ruins and erected a stone tablet engraved with "Yemili Ancient City Ruins" in red characters. In addition to the national characteristic gazebo and obo, a thick cultural wall was built near the stone tablet. The front of the wall is a text introduction. On the back, there are relief statues and biographies of several historical figures such as Yelu Dashi, Genghis Khan, Wokuotai, Guiyou, Haidu, and Chabal, showing the ancient history of Emin to the world in the form of images and words.
Now there are not many people who know Yemili, and even fewer people have been to Yemili. It is said to be a tourist attraction because it does have a very long history and rich culture, but people who know it are not. There are not many, and there are fewer people who come here specially. In the future, the local area may dig out more valuable and meaningful projects in this area, so that people can not only see a piece of ruins, but also feel more culture when they come here. or activities to participate in.