Speaking of Guizhou, it is a place that I have never set foot on. I only know the beauty of Qiandongnan, the singing and dancing of ethnic minorities, and the hospitality like "mountains and flowing water"... But this time I was lucky enough to go to Xijiang Miao Village, and I was really excited for a while. For four full days, I think it is enough to slowly appreciate the magnificence of Qianhu Miao Village in Xijiang.
It is said that the Qianhu Miao Village in Xijiang is composed of more than ten natural villages built on the mountain. There are more than 10,000 aborigines.
The long history of migration and evolution constitutes the largest Miao village in China and the world.
Thousands of peculiar folk customs exist here, in this place called "Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village".
Among them, the most shocking is the Diaojiaolou Miao Village buildings in Xijiang. From the valley to the top of the mountain, there are layers upon layers, dots and dots, spreading out level by level. On the two mountains, there are thousands of Miao villages dotted. , is spectacular!
There is also a little-known story why Xijiang produces beautiful women. It turns out that Xijiang is composed of four administrative villages, and the four villages do not marry each other. The village stipulates that daughters must marry outsiders, and daughters-in-law must be taken from other places. Otherwise, both men and women will be punished by the family. The ancestors of Miao people understood the principle of prenatal and postnatal care more than 2,000 years ago. From this perspective, the Miao people are also a smart and beautiful ethnic minority. The so-called "one side of the water and soil nourishes the other side of people"...
According to the local people, for every Miao girl who is about to marry, her parents must prepare a complete set of costumes. Strictly speaking, the weight of the silver ornaments that go with the costumes can be up to 6 kilograms!
The legendary Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village is the largest gathering place of Miao Village in China.
Terraced fields, green hills, sisters, Diaojiaolou... Walking on the cobbled mountain road, you can feel the temperature of the entire Xijiang quietly.
I like the chirping of chickens and birds singing every morning, and the wind blowing rice waves and lotus leaves.
I like the smoke curling up from the kitchen at dusk, and I like the wind and rain by the bridge at night......
Perhaps, this is what the quiet home I have been looking for should look like.
Along the way, the old Miao people are making handmade fabrics, expressing respect for the inheritance of national culture in the most traditional way.
Miao architecture, costumes, silver ornaments, language, food, and traditional customs are not only typical, but also well preserved.
The Miao people in Xijiang used to wear long robes and head scarves, all of which were black in color, so they were called "black Miao" or "long skirt Miao".
Drunk and beautiful Xijiang, drinking is more important than eating
Since entering the gate of Xijiang, we have to face an important thing: that is wine.
If you are an alcoholic, coming to Xijiang is like coming to heaven; if you are not strong enough to drink, you may fall in love with drinking when you leave Xijiang.
Gate wine:
Banmen wine is an important custom in Miao villages in Qiandongnan, Guizhou, and a unique way of welcoming guests in Miao villages.
Buffalo horns hold wine, 12 wines blocking the way. Whenever the guests arrive, the men, women and children of the Miao Village will greet the guests with sweet rice wine at the gate of the village. The respect and blessings of the old people, men, women and children in costumes dance to the cheerful tunes played by Lusheng hands, and beautiful Miao girls offer mellow ox horn wine. Turning to the toast, the guests should put their hands behind their backs when accepting the toast, and they can enter the village after drinking in moderation according to their alcohol intake. Drinking is both a respect to the host and a blessing to the guests.
However, it should be noted that the host should not touch the girl and the wine glass with his hand when toasting, otherwise he must drink up!
Walking in the alleys of the Miao village, there was a burst of Miao singing. After asking, I found out that what the old people sang was the ancient songs of the Miao nationality, and what they sang was the history of the Miao nationality. I can't understand it, but it sounds really good!
Wine on the table:
In the past two days in Xijiang, the biggest feeling is eating and drinking. For the first time, I feel that drinking is more important than eating. Basically, for a meal, no matter whether it is lunch or dinner, the host will toast round after round, and the Miao family drinks. And drank tricks——
The "mountain and flowing water" toasting method is to arrange four or five wine jugs diagonally from above, one higher than the other, and the fine wine poured from the bottom wine bowl continuously flows into the mouth of the guests like a small waterfall. The more you say, the longer your love will last.
It is said that there is also an advanced toasting method called "five lakes and four seas", that is, five wine jugs and four wine bowls are poured into the mouths of guests together... This feeling... ah
independent women
In the Miao nationality, women do the toasting, men are in charge of cooking, and women are in charge of entertaining guests!
It is said that on major festivals and weddings (with the same surname not married), each family will set up a long table, and the whole village will form a one-stop banquet. Various visits to toast blessings, and even eat and drink several times a day, and drink several times in a row God, it is simply drunk and beautiful!
Gage Restaurant
It is divided into two dining spots: the scenic viewing platform and the pastoral sightseeing area. You can eat the authentic Miao flavor, taste the authentic Miao mellow rice wine, and experience the grand traditional long table banquet.
There are endless long table banquets and endless mountain and flowing water.
We have been wandering in the smell of wine for almost a day... My friend from Guangzhou has already vomited at noon, and the people in Chaoyang District have become the focus of attention because of their slightly heavy drinking...
Miao Village's unique after-dinner fruit~ It tastes a bit like white radish grafted with apples!
Original ecological intangible cultural heritage
Xijiang Miao Village is a natural open-air museum, where the original ecological culture of the Miao people is preserved.
In addition to the food and wine culture introduced earlier, there are many folk symbols with a long history!
A street that showcases the Miao culture. There are ancient silver jewelry workshops, embroidery workshops, Guzangtoujia, Huolutoujia, peasant painters, silver jewelry workshops, breweries, batik workshops, etc....... also A good place to learn about and experience Miao culture!
rice wine
The Miao people make water wine from rice or glutinous rice. Miao rice wine is the original water wine fermented from rice or glutinous rice. It has high sugar content and low alcohol content. It is the best drink to relieve fatigue and refresh the mind.
Miao leadership
The natural leaders of the Xijiang Miao nationality mainly include "Fang Lao", "Zhai Lao", "Clan Lao", "Li Lao", "Hammer", "Gu Zang Tou", "Huolu Tou", etc. The duties of natural leaders of different natures They are also different. They have the nature of division of labor and cooperation between them, and they jointly maintain the safety and interests of Miao villages. Among them, Guzangtou (passed down to the youngest son) and Huolutou are hereditary, while other natural leaders are generally elected by the masses. "Guzangtou" is in charge of convening and presiding over the sacrificial and ancestor worship activities, while "Huolutou" is in charge of arranging agricultural production and is the "Minister of Agriculture" of the Miao Village.
Guzangtang
King Miao is Guzangtou, and the home of Guzangtou is also called Guzangtang (also known as Guzangtang). Guzangtang is the tallest stilted building on the hillside, but it is not the largest. Walking into the Guzang Hall, you will see a big drum placed on a bracket in the middle of the room. Every five years, this big drum representing the soul of the entire Miao Village will be invited out for sacrifice. The Miao people in the entire Qianhu Miao Village must listen to the call of the big drum.
Miao village painter, Li Yufu.
A peasant painter who insists on using Miao customs and culture as the material, each of his paintings is full of Miao customs, and each painting is a story.
Bench dance, Miao Gu (both good and bad), Miao medicine, covering the wound with grass after killing the livestock (meaning respect), the elders cross the bridge first... many young Miao people don't understand The folk customs of the country have been preserved in the form of pictures.
You Fang Chang
"In the midst of blowing the sheng, folk songs are used, and the two-phase color of the leaves is drawn to the deep ditch and the secret greenery, and the knees are whispered, which is called 'Yao Amei', also known as 'Yao Ma Lang'". In order for the Miao people to communicate with young men and women, every Miao village has a place for young men and women to talk about love, called "You Fang Po" (ping or field).
You Fang means falling in love! The Miao people used to have a saying of stealing marriages, that is, a man and a woman fell in love with each other, and lived directly in the man's house. After the marriage, the man's parents came forward and informed the woman's family that the Miao people did not get a marriage certificate. The family held a long table banquet as a celebration. Way! The children who are born will use the names of their father, grandfather and great grandfather as suffixes in turn. This is probably a way for the Miao people to not forget their ancestors because they did not have words in the beginning!
batik
Hmong batik has two techniques: a little wax and wax painting. From the pattern, it can be divided into two categories: geometric pattern and natural pattern. The authors of Miao batik in Qiandongnan prefer large flowers with natural patterns, which are vivid, concise, vivid, lively and smooth, full of exaggeration, and have a strong local flavor. Miao batik in southeast Guizhou is mainly based on geometric patterns, with loose pattern structure and vivid shapes. Weaving gold Miao batik is mainly fine and dense white, covered with geometric spiral patterns, and the pattern structure is interlaced to form a seamless one.
Silver jewelry is one of the three artistic treasures of the Miao people. It is famous for its exquisite materials, exquisite composition, simplicity and nature, and exquisite craftsmanship. For thousands of years, silver jewelry has been deeply loved by the Miao people. In the list of representative works of cultural heritage, the forging skills of the Miao nationality's silver ornaments are among them. Both men and women of the Miao nationality wear silver ornaments, among which women are the most solemn. In grand festivals, they wear silver crowns, silver rings for necklaces, and silver chains for feet. They regard abundance as beauty and weight as wealth.
Thousands of lights are dreaming
To appreciate the night view of thousands of household lights in Miao Village in the world, you must reserve a seat at 7 o'clock at the latest. Generally, you can choose the viewing platform or a row of inns or hotels in front of the viewing platform. Basically, ten minutes around 7:30 is the best shooting time, and you can see the shocking dynamic lighting process of the entire Miao Village!
Lighting up lights at night is a tradition in Miao villages, because Miao people often come back after dark when they go to work in the fields. Light up the way home from the mountains, thus gradually forming the tradition of lighting up the Miao Village at night.
Night View of Wind and Rain Bridge
In addition to the lights of thousands of households in Miao Village, the night view of Fengyu Bridge is also a beautiful scenery not to be missed!
In order to improve the feng shui conditions of the villages and to facilitate the life of the residents, most Miao villages have built Fengyu bridges near the villages to block the wind and store energy and shelter from the wind and rain.
The entire Xijiang Miao village is between two big mountains, spreading from the valley to the mountain, with countless stilted buildings built, each of which is a Miao farmhouse.
Enjoy the idyllic scenery
This is a real in-depth tour of Miao Village:
After yesterday's in-depth experience of wine culture, today I wear national costumes, dance Miao dances, put on the most fashionable rain boots that reach the thighs of AUTUMN2016, and go to the rice fields, harvest rice, thresh rice, and fish in baskets...
For conventional tourist attractions, it is already out to take a quick look at the flowers, check in and take pictures!
Wake up by the rooster every morning, open the window with golden eyes,
The grandmother opened the wooden door to dry the chili peppers, and the children chased each other, laughed and played,
The gourd brothers sitting in rows on the roof, the keys are hanging at the door of the farmer’s house,
The chickens, ducks and cats that pop up from time to time on the roadside all look like Xiasi dogs......
Everything here is a perfect portrayal of the rural scenery. I feel that I can really become a poet after staying for a long time!
When I came to Miao Village, it happened to be the season of rice harvesting. It is said that within two months will be the most grand festival of the Miao people - Miao Nian!
Walking on the mountain path, surrounded by golden rice, we put on super boots that reach the thigh, put on bamboo hats, picked up a sickle, and went to the rice fields to harvest rice! This is the first time to do farm work, so excited! ! !
The team started from the inn, walked along the rugged mountain road, walked through the muddy field ridges, crossed the beautiful lotus pond, crossed the flowing river, and turned over one paddy field after another before finally arriving at the destination—this is a specially developed area for tourists to experience. In the rice fields, if you are lucky, you can even catch rice sweetfish!
The current Miao Village, because it is in the mountains, the transportation is not particularly convenient, and the tradition of manually cutting rice is still preserved. Only after practicing it myself did I realize: it is really tiring! Especially threshing rice requires not only strength, but also skill. Every grain is painstaking, and no grain of grain can be dropped into the paddy field!
In comparison, I suddenly feel that fishing with a basket saves a lot of effort! Then I happily ran to fish, however. . . However. . . . It doesn't seem easy either. . . . . Because the bubbles of the footprints and the bubbles of the fish are stupidly unclear, only experienced locals will follow the swimming track of the fish and get the real fish in the basket! Because they grow in rice fields and grow naturally, it takes two years to grow to a medium length and can be eaten. It is also because of pure natural breeding that the meat quality is not ordinary delicious, and there is a scent of rice flowers when you taste it carefully!
Beautiful Xijiang large-scale cultural evening
There are two troubled nations in the world, one is the Jewish people in the West, and the other is the Miao people in China.
Its development process is a history of migration. The ancestors of the Miao nationality first lived in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Their ancestor was Chiyou. Migrating southward and westward, entering the southwest mountainous area and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, some Miao people have migrated to Southeast Asian countries and Europe and the United States.
If you want to systematically understand the history and culture of the Miao nationality, the "Beautiful Xijiang" large-scale evening party is the best way.
It is staged on time at 8:30 every night, and the one-and-a-half-hour show is divided into four parts: Maple Butterfly, Migration, Xijiang Customs, and Miao Township Splendid.
The panorama shows the long history and customs of the Miao nationality, as well as the exquisite and splendid costumes of the Miao nationality. From history, culture, customs, diet, clothing... Let people fully understand the long history and development process of the Miao nationality in a short period of time.
~