The Mongolian long tune is called "Wuri Tudao" in Mongolian, which means long song. It is characterized by few characters and long tunes, high pitched and long, soothing and free. , the vast majority of the content is to describe grasslands, horses, camels, cattle and sheep, blue sky, white clouds, rivers, lakes, etc.
The Mongolian long tune tells the Mongolian people's perception of history, culture, humanistic customs, morality, philosophy and art with its distinctive nomadic cultural characteristics and unique singing form, so it is called "living fossil of grassland music". On November 25, 2005, UNESCO announced the third batch of "Masterpieces of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity" at its headquarters in Paris, and the "Mongolian long-tune folk songs" jointly declared by China and Mongolia were included in the list.
The Mongolian long-tune folk song is a unique form of singing with distinctive nomadic and regional cultural characteristics. It tells the Mongolian people's perception of history, culture, humanistic customs, morality, philosophy and art in the unique language of the grassland people. According to Rasurong, a master of Mongolian long-tune art, in Mongolian, long-tune is called "Wuri Tudao", which means long song. Compared with short songs, it not only refers to long tunes, but also has a long history. According to research, long-tune folk songs existed during the formation of the Mongolian nationality, with a history of thousands of years. [1]
Mongolian long-tune folk songs
The long tune is the free translation of Mongolian "Wuri Ting Duo". "Wuriting" means "long-term" and "eternal", and "Duo" means "song". In related works and papers, it is also literally translated as "Long Song", "Long Tune Song" or "Grassland Pastoral Song". "Mongolian long-tune folk songs" is a form of Mongolian folk songs, and Mongolian folk songs are divided into long-tune and short-tune. Long-tune folk songs already existed during the formation of the Mongolian nationality, with fewer characters and longer accents. According to the historical origin of Mongolian music culture and the status quo of music forms, the long tune can be defined as a kind of folk song created by nomadic people in the northern grasslands in animal husbandry production and labor, and sung during grazing in the wild and traditional festivals. The following two lines of lyrics are played by the singers according to their life accumulation and perception of nature, and the singing rhythms are different; most of the long-tune lyrics describe grasslands, horses, camels, cattle and sheep, blue sky, white clouds, rivers, and lakes.
The long-tune melody is long and slow, with open artistic conception, more voices and fewer words, and long breath. The cadenza singing method formed by the singing style of zigzag sound or ornamental sound is the most distinctive.
At the same time, Mongolian long-tune folk songs are also a cross-border culture. China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Mongolia are the main cultural distribution areas of Mongolian long-tune folk songs. The success of the joint World Heritage application by China and Mongolia is enough to demonstrate the inestimable artistry and worldwide value of Mongolian long-tune folk songs as a cultural heritage.
On November 25, 2005, UNESCO announced the third batch of "Masterpieces of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity" at its headquarters in Paris. Mongolian long-tune folk song" was listed on the list. "Mongolian long-tune folk songs" is the first time that China and a foreign country have jointly declared a project to UNESCO for the same intangible cultural heritage. Long-tune folk songs already existed during the formation of the Mongolian nationality. The Mongolian long-tune folk songs are closely related to the grasslands and the nomadic lifestyle of the Mongolian people. They carry the history of the Mongolian people and are a symbolic display of the production, life and spiritual character of the Mongolian people. Mongolian long-tune folk songs are also a cross-border culture. China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Mongolia are the main cultural distribution areas of Mongolian long-tune folk songs.
The Mongolian long tune is called "Wuri Tudao" in Mongolian, which means long song. It is characterized by few characters and long tunes, high pitched and long, soothing and free. , the vast majority of the content is to describe grasslands, horses, camels, cattle and sheep, blue sky, white clouds, rivers, lakes, etc. The Mongolian long tune tells the Mongolian people's perception of history, culture, humanistic customs, morality, philosophy and art with its distinctive nomadic cultural characteristics and unique singing form, so it is called "living fossil of grassland music".
China and Mongolia jointly declared the "Mongolian Long Tune Folk Song" as a "Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity". In the next 10 years, the two countries will cooperate in the protection of Mongolian long-tune folk songs, and jointly coordinate and adopt protection measures to do a better job in protection. Although China and Mongolia have done their best to protect it according to their actual conditions and achieved certain results, the overall decline of long-tune folk songs has not been fundamentally curbed. The partial, divided or fragmented protection methods adopted for long-tune folk songs are far from being able to cope with the various challenges and impacts they face. The Chinese side proposed to join forces with Mongolia to jointly declare Mongolian long-tune folk songs as "Masterpieces of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity". The Mongolian government responded positively to China's proposal. For nearly a year, China and Mongolia have carried out a series of work including communication, negotiation, investigation and joint text production at different levels on the joint declaration, and finally completed the heavy work within the time stipulated by the United Nations. And the intense reporting work. Sun Jiazheng said that in the future, the two countries will carry out close and effective joint actions in field investigation, research, protection methods and protection measures of Mongolian long-tune folk songs.
In May 2006, the Mongolian long-tune folk songs were included in the first batch of China's intangible cultural heritage list.
On October 24, 2007, my country's first moon-orbiting satellite "Chang'e-1" carried more than 30 songs into space, one of which was the Mongolian long-tune folk song "The Rich and Vast Alxa".
As early as more than a thousand years ago, the ancestors of the Mongolian people moved out of the mountains and forests on both sides of the Ergun River to the Mongolian plateau, and the mode of production also changed from hunting to animal husbandry. The new folk song form of long tune was born. developed. Over a long period of history, it gradually replaced the well-structured hunting songs and occupied the dominant position of Mongolian folk songs, eventually forming a typical style of Mongolian music and exerting a profound influence on other forms of Mongolian music. .