introduce
The Niya site is the former site of the Jingjue Kingdom in the Han and Jin Dynasties, scattered in an area 25 kilometers long from north to south and 5-7 kilometers wide from east to west. In this long and narrow ancient city ruins, the remnants of Buddhist temples, houses, and cemeteries are scattered among them, and the farmland, forest belts, canal systems, and smelting sites of that year are faintly visible. It can be seen that the residents of Jingjue Kingdom were divided into north and south districts by the Niya River that passed through the city, with wealthy families in the south and commoners in the north. However, every family has orchards, stables and ponds. There is a pagoda built with earth in the ruins. Although it is dilapidated, the ancient style still exists.
Jingjue Country is located in the Taklamakan Desert, on the side of the weak water, it is a small country. According to the "Hanshu Biography of the Western Regions", there are only "480 households, 3,360 mouths, and 500 victorious soldiers", and it was "annexed by Shanshan during the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the country was extinct", but , "Everyone who comes and goes from here on the South Silk Road passes through this city." The Silk Road merchants running across the Niya River bridge brought to the small country rare treasures such as glassware from West Asia, Greek-style artworks, cotton fabrics from India, brocade and silk from the Yellow River Basin, lacquerware, bronze mirrors and paper.
The blue-bottomed batik cotton fragments and cotton trousers unearthed from the tombs of the couples buried together in the Han and Jin Dynasties are the earliest cotton fabrics seen in my country so far. . Khalu documents are discovered in Niya archaeology. 800 wooden slips of Khalu documents unearthed from the Niya site include proclamations, letters, and instructions, covering almost every aspect of life at that time.
Niya's abandonment is a mystery. Around the ruins of the ancient city, there are no signs of river diversions or wars and soldiers, and there are no signs of people in the houses and courtyards; a large number of official documents and bamboo slips have just been sorted out, and it is too late to transport them away; even the faithful dog has been forgotten, and it is still tied to the pillars at the door of the house. superior. The Niya people disappeared in such a hurry, leaving only the ruins buried in the sand, and the unsolved mysteries in the vast sea and desert.
opening hours
Open all year round
must see tips
1. To enter Niya, you need to go through the approval documents at the Hotan Cultural Relics Management Office or Hotan International Travel Agency, and in order to supervise the travelers, the cultural management office will send one person to accompany you.
2. Niya is located in the desert, so it is necessary to avoid the hot season in the desert. Generally, April-June and September-November are very suitable.
3. Don't go there without a guide, so as not to get lost.
4. The temperature difference between day and night in the desert is large, so you should prepare warm clothes. All kinds of camping equipment, water and food, and vehicle spare equipment must be fully prepared.
