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Louisville (/ˈluːivɪl/ (listen) LOO-ee-vil, US: /ˈluːɪvɪl/ (listen) LOO-ə-vəl, locally /ˈlʊvɪl/ (listen) LUUV-əl) is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Kentucky and the 28th most-populous city in the United States.[a] Louisville is the historical seat and, since 2003, the nominal seat of Jefferson County, on the Indiana border.

Named after King Louis XVI of France, Louisville was founded in 1778 by George Rogers Clark, making it one of the oldest cities west of the Appalachians. With nearby Falls of the Ohio as the only major obstruction to river traffic between the upper Ohio River and the Gulf of Mexico, the settlement first grew as a portage site. It was the founding city of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad, which grew into a 6,000-mile (9,700 km) system across 13 states.

Today, the city is known as the home of boxer Muhammad Ali, the Kentucky Derby, Kentucky Fried Chicken, the University of Louisville and its Cardinals, Louisville Slugger baseball bats, and three of Kentucky's six Fortune 500 companies: Humana, Kindred Healthcare, and Yum! Brands. Muhammad Ali International Airport, Louisville's main commercial airport, hosts UPS's worldwide hub.

Hot Spring County, which belongs to Bortala Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, is located in the northwest of Xinjiang, the upper reaches of Bortala River, the northern foot of the western part of Tianshan and the western margin of Junggar Basin. It is bordered by Bole to the east, Zhentao Mountain to the south and Huocheng County to the south, and Kazakhstan to the west and north to Kongguoro Obo Mountain and the western part of Alatao Mountain respectively. The county is 139.4 km long from east to west and 64.8km wide from north to south. The area of arable land is 490000 mu, the area of grassland is 6.19 million mu and the forest is 551000 mu. The climate here is warm in winter and cool in summer, with an annual average temperature of 3.6 degrees Celsius. The total annual diameter of surface water is 800 million cubic meters, the groundwater reserves are 310 million cubic meters, and the theoretical water energy reserves are 279000 kilowatts. The population in 2012 was 74600. 2018
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