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Houston (/ˈhjuːstən/ (listen); HEW-stən) is the most populous city in Texas, the most populous city in the Southern United States, the fourth-most populous city in the United States, and the sixth-most populous city in North America, with a population of 2,304,580 in 2020. Located in Southeast Texas near Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, it is the seat and largest city of Harris County and the principal city of the Greater Houston metropolitan area, which is the fifth-most populous metropolitan statistical area in the United States and the second-most populous in Texas after Dallas–Fort Worth. Houston is the southeast anchor of the greater megaregion known as the Texas Triangle.

Comprising a land area of 640.4 square miles (1,659 km2), Houston is the ninth-most expansive city in the United States (including consolidated city-counties). It is the largest city in the United States by total area whose government is not consolidated with a county, parish, or borough. Though primarily in Harris County, small portions of the city extend into Fort Bend, and Montgomery counties, bordering other principal communities of Greater Houston such as Sugar Land and The Woodlands.

The city of Houston was founded by land investors on August 30, 1836, at the confluence of Buffalo Bayou and White Oak Bayou (a point now known as Allen's Landing) and incorporated as a city on June 5, 1837. The city is named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had won Texas's independence from Mexico at the Battle of San Jacinto 25 miles (40 km) east of Allen's Landing. After briefly serving as the capital of the Texas Republic in the late 1830s, Houston grew steadily into a regional trading center for the remainder of the 19th century.

"Awati" is transliterated in Uygur language, meaning "prosperity". The area of Awati County used to be called "Duolang" and was the hometown of "Duolang people" (ancient Uygur tribes). Later, a large number of farmers emigrated here, with a sudden increase in population, a wide range of arable land and a changing face, so they changed their name to Awati. Awati County, which belongs to Aksu region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, is an important grain, cotton and fruit base in the region. It covers an area of 13259 square kilometers and has jurisdiction over 5 townships, 3 towns and 3 agricultural and forestry farms. There are 118villages, 7 neighborhood committees, 34 companies and more than 80 animal husbandry sites, as well as some regimental farms of the first Agricultural Division of the bingtuan. In 2012, the population of the county was 245800, including Uygur, Han, Hui, Kazakh, Kirgiz, Uzbek, Mongolian, Xibe and Russian.
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