• Houston
  • Shaya

Houston (/ˈhjuːstən/ (listen); HEW-stən) is the most populous city in Texas, the most populous city in the Southern United States, the fourth-most populous city in the United States, and the sixth-most populous city in North America, with a population of 2,304,580 in 2020. Located in Southeast Texas near Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, it is the seat and largest city of Harris County and the principal city of the Greater Houston metropolitan area, which is the fifth-most populous metropolitan statistical area in the United States and the second-most populous in Texas after Dallas–Fort Worth. Houston is the southeast anchor of the greater megaregion known as the Texas Triangle.

Comprising a land area of 640.4 square miles (1,659 km2), Houston is the ninth-most expansive city in the United States (including consolidated city-counties). It is the largest city in the United States by total area whose government is not consolidated with a county, parish, or borough. Though primarily in Harris County, small portions of the city extend into Fort Bend, and Montgomery counties, bordering other principal communities of Greater Houston such as Sugar Land and The Woodlands.

The city of Houston was founded by land investors on August 30, 1836, at the confluence of Buffalo Bayou and White Oak Bayou (a point now known as Allen's Landing) and incorporated as a city on June 5, 1837. The city is named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had won Texas's independence from Mexico at the Battle of San Jacinto 25 miles (40 km) east of Allen's Landing. After briefly serving as the capital of the Texas Republic in the late 1830s, Houston grew steadily into a regional trading center for the remainder of the 19th century.

Shaya is the transliteration of "Shayar" in Uygur language. Sha means "tribal chief"; Yar means "compassion", that is, "the leader caresses his subordinates". Shaya is located in the south-east of Aksu area, Xinjiang, China, the north of Tarim Basin, the southern end of Weigan River oasis plain, the Tianshan Mountains in the north and the desert in the south. It is an important passage of the ancient Silk Road and an important part of the ancient Qiuci country. Shaya County has a total area of 32000 square kilometers and a total population of 260000 (2012). There are 22 ethnic groups, including Uygur, Han and Russian, of which 86% are Uygur, which is a multi-ethnic county. Shaya County has jurisdiction over 5 towns and 5 townships, 3 farms, a management committee and a farm run by departments and bureaus under the jurisdiction of the autonomous region (Shaya Prison). The region can be roughly divided into three parts, namely the Weigan River alluvial fan plain.
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