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Houston (/ˈhjuːstən/ (listen); HEW-stən) is the most populous city in Texas, the most populous city in the Southern United States, the fourth-most populous city in the United States, and the sixth-most populous city in North America, with a population of 2,304,580 in 2020. Located in Southeast Texas near Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, it is the seat and largest city of Harris County and the principal city of the Greater Houston metropolitan area, which is the fifth-most populous metropolitan statistical area in the United States and the second-most populous in Texas after Dallas–Fort Worth. Houston is the southeast anchor of the greater megaregion known as the Texas Triangle.

Comprising a land area of 640.4 square miles (1,659 km2), Houston is the ninth-most expansive city in the United States (including consolidated city-counties). It is the largest city in the United States by total area whose government is not consolidated with a county, parish, or borough. Though primarily in Harris County, small portions of the city extend into Fort Bend, and Montgomery counties, bordering other principal communities of Greater Houston such as Sugar Land and The Woodlands.

The city of Houston was founded by land investors on August 30, 1836, at the confluence of Buffalo Bayou and White Oak Bayou (a point now known as Allen's Landing) and incorporated as a city on June 5, 1837. The city is named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had won Texas's independence from Mexico at the Battle of San Jacinto 25 miles (40 km) east of Allen's Landing. After briefly serving as the capital of the Texas Republic in the late 1830s, Houston grew steadily into a regional trading center for the remainder of the 19th century.

The Uyghur pronunciation of Wushi is "Wushi Turpan". It is paraphrased as 3 Turpan, if it refers to its rich land, the free translation is appropriate. However, according to the Western region Tongwen Chronicles: "Hui Wu Shi is Wu Chi, Gai Shan Shi is prominent, the old name of the city living on the mountain", which is consistent with the historical place names since the Song and Yuan dynasties. The "Turpan" in the latter part of Uyghur pronunciation may be related to the emigration from Turpan in the Qing Dynasty. First, Wushi is a Turkic language, meaning "the top of things", which gets its name from Wuchi Mountain in the territory. Wushi County is located in the western Aksu region of Xinjiang, the northwest margin of the Tarim Basin, the southern foot of the southern vein of the Tianshan Mountains, and the upper reaches of the Toshkan River, with geographical coordinates ranging from 78 °23 °41 "to 80 °01 °09" east longitude and 40 °43 °08 "to 41 °51 °12" north latitude. Wushi County Donglian Wensu County and Aksu City
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