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Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia, also known as Washington or D.C. or locally simply as the District, is the capital city and federal district of the United States. It is located on the east bank of the Potomac River, which forms its southwestern and southern border with the U.S. state of Virginia, and it shares a land border with the U.S. state of Maryland on its other sides. The city was named for George Washington, a Founding Father and the first president of the United States, and the federal district is named after Columbia, the female personification of the nation. As the seat of the U.S. federal government and several international organizations, the city is an important world political capital. It is one of the most visited cities in the U.S., with over 20 million annual visitors as of 2016.

The U.S. Constitution provides for a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of Congress; the district is not a part of any U.S. state (nor is it one itself). The signing of the Residence Act on July 16, 1790, approved the creation of the capital district located along the Potomac River near the country's East Coast. The City of Washington was founded in 1791, and Congress held its first session there in 1800. In 1801, the territory, formerly part of Maryland and Virginia (including the settlements of Georgetown and Alexandria), officially became recognized as the federal district. In 1846, Congress returned the land originally ceded by Virginia, including the city of Alexandria; in 1871, it created a single municipal government for the remaining portion of the district. There have been efforts to make the city into a state since the 1880s, a movement that has gained momentum in recent years, and a statehood bill passed the House of Representatives in 2021.

Hotan County (in Uyghur language: Hotan County, formerly known as "Hetian", but changed its name to "Hotan" in 1959) once called Huodan, Wuduan and Huochan, all of which are different translations of the same name. It is said that it originated from Yutian and was famous in ancient Yuchi in Hetian. First, it is spoken in Tibetan, meaning "Yuyi". It means "fence", "livestock pen", or "bunker" in Hindi. The Chronicles of the Western regions of the Tang Dynasty is called qu Sadana, which means "milk" in Sanskrit. In 1959, Hetian was simplified to Hotan. Hotan County is located in the southwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, adjacent to the Yulong Kashgar River and Luopu County to the east, the Karakash River to the west and Moyu County and Pishan County to the west, the actual line of control of Kashmir in India to the southwest, the Tibet Autonomous region to the southeast, and the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert to the north to Awa.
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