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Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia, also known as Washington or D.C. or locally simply as the District, is the capital city and federal district of the United States. It is located on the east bank of the Potomac River, which forms its southwestern and southern border with the U.S. state of Virginia, and it shares a land border with the U.S. state of Maryland on its other sides. The city was named for George Washington, a Founding Father and the first president of the United States, and the federal district is named after Columbia, the female personification of the nation. As the seat of the U.S. federal government and several international organizations, the city is an important world political capital. It is one of the most visited cities in the U.S., with over 20 million annual visitors as of 2016.

The U.S. Constitution provides for a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of Congress; the district is not a part of any U.S. state (nor is it one itself). The signing of the Residence Act on July 16, 1790, approved the creation of the capital district located along the Potomac River near the country's East Coast. The City of Washington was founded in 1791, and Congress held its first session there in 1800. In 1801, the territory, formerly part of Maryland and Virginia (including the settlements of Georgetown and Alexandria), officially became recognized as the federal district. In 1846, Congress returned the land originally ceded by Virginia, including the city of Alexandria; in 1871, it created a single municipal government for the remaining portion of the district. There have been efforts to make the city into a state since the 1880s, a movement that has gained momentum in recent years, and a statehood bill passed the House of Representatives in 2021.

Kunming, also known as Chuncheng, is the capital of Yunnan Province, the central city of central Yunnan urban agglomeration, and one of the important central cities in western China approved by the State Council. By 2018, the city had jurisdiction over seven districts, three counties, three autonomous counties and one county-level city, with a total area of 21473 square kilometers, a built-up area of 435.81 square kilometers, a resident population of 6.85 million, an urban population of 4.9902 million, and a urbanization rate of 72.85 percent. Kunming is located in southwest China and the middle of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with the unique location of "connecting the coast of Guizhou and Guitong in the east, entering the Central Plains through Sichuan and Chongqing in the north, reaching Thailand / Cambodia in the south, and connecting India and Pakistan in the west". It is located at the intersection of the north-south international channel and the third east-west Eurasian continental bridge starting from Shenzhen.
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