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Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia, also known as Washington or D.C. or locally simply as the District, is the capital city and federal district of the United States. It is located on the east bank of the Potomac River, which forms its southwestern and southern border with the U.S. state of Virginia, and it shares a land border with the U.S. state of Maryland on its other sides. The city was named for George Washington, a Founding Father and the first president of the United States, and the federal district is named after Columbia, the female personification of the nation. As the seat of the U.S. federal government and several international organizations, the city is an important world political capital. It is one of the most visited cities in the U.S., with over 20 million annual visitors as of 2016.

The U.S. Constitution provides for a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of Congress; the district is not a part of any U.S. state (nor is it one itself). The signing of the Residence Act on July 16, 1790, approved the creation of the capital district located along the Potomac River near the country's East Coast. The City of Washington was founded in 1791, and Congress held its first session there in 1800. In 1801, the territory, formerly part of Maryland and Virginia (including the settlements of Georgetown and Alexandria), officially became recognized as the federal district. In 1846, Congress returned the land originally ceded by Virginia, including the city of Alexandria; in 1871, it created a single municipal government for the remaining portion of the district. There have been efforts to make the city into a state since the 1880s, a movement that has gained momentum in recent years, and a statehood bill passed the House of Representatives in 2021.

Tibet is called "Tibet" for short. The Tibet Autonomous region, the capital of Lhasa, is located on the southwest border of the people's Republic of China and is one of China's five ethnic minority autonomous regions. Tibet is located in the southwest of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, between 26 °50'N and 36 °53 °N, 78 °25'E and 99 °06'E, with an average elevation of more than 4000 meters. Tibet is known as the "roof of the world". The land area is 120218947.91 hectares, accounting for about 1% of the country's total area, second only to Xinjiang in all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. At the end of 2018, the resident population was 3.4382 million. Tibet is bordered by Xinjiang in the north, Sichuan in the east, Qinghai in the northeast and Yunnan in the southeast. It is bordered by Myanmar, India, Bhutan, Nepal, Kashmir and other countries and regions.
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