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Tucson (/ˈtuːsɒn, tuːˈsɒn/; Spanish: Tucson, O'odham: Cuk-Ṣon) is a city in and the county seat of Pima County, Arizona, United States, and is home to the University of Arizona. It is the second largest city in Arizona behind Phoenix, with a population of 542,629 in the 2020 United States census, while the population of the entire Tucson metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is 1,043,433. The Tucson MSA forms part of the larger Tucson-Nogales combined statistical area (CSA). Both Tucson and Phoenix anchor the Arizona Sun Corridor. The city is 108 miles (174 km) southeast of Phoenix and 60 mi (97 km) north of the U.S.–Mexico border. Tucson is the 34th largest city and the 53rd largest metropolitan area in the United States (2014).

Major incorporated suburbs of Tucson include Oro Valley and Marana northwest of the city, Sahuarita south of the city, and South Tucson in an enclave south of downtown. Communities in the vicinity of Tucson (some within or overlapping the city limits) include Casas Adobes, Catalina Foothills, Flowing Wells, Midvale Park, Tanque Verde, Tortolita, and Vail. Towns outside the Tucson metro area include Benson to the southeast, Catalina and Oracle to the north, and Green Valley to the south.

Tucson was founded as a military fort by the Spanish when Hugo O'Conor authorized the construction of Presidio San Agustín del Tucsón in 1775. It was included in the state of Sonora after Mexico gained independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821. In 1853, the United States acquired a 29,670 square miles (76,840 km2) region of present-day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico from Mexico under the Gadsden Purchase. Tucson served as the capital of the Arizona Territory from 1867 to 1877. Tucson was Arizona's largest city by population during the territorial period and early statehood, until it was surpassed by Phoenix by 1920. Nevertheless, population growth remained strong during the late 20th century. In 2017, Tucson was the first American city to be designated a "City of Gastronomy" by UNESCO.

Taigu District, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province. Located in the middle of Shanxi Province, located in Jinzhong Basin, founded in the Western Han Dynasty, it has a long history and developed culture and commerce. Together with Qixian and Pingyao, it has become a famous hometown of Shanxi merchants, and there are many remains of Jin merchants' courtyards in the territory. Take the Cao family compound and Kong Xiangxi residence (Kong Xiangxi was born in Taigu) as its representative. It is the birthplace of Bai Juyi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, and the birthplace of Kong Xiangxi, a modern tycoon. The famous royal sacred medicine "Guilingji" and "Dingkundan" are produced in Taigu. Taigu cake and jujube are famous all over the country. During the Ming, Qing and Republic of China, tycoons of Taigu businessmen gathered and became the financial and commercial center of northern China, which was inherently known as "dry Wharf" and "Little Beijing". Taigu District was selected into the 2018 National list of Happy 100 Counties in November 2018. March 2019
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