• Tucson
  • Xihe County

Tucson (/ˈtuːsɒn, tuːˈsɒn/; Spanish: Tucson, O'odham: Cuk-Ṣon) is a city in and the county seat of Pima County, Arizona, United States, and is home to the University of Arizona. It is the second largest city in Arizona behind Phoenix, with a population of 542,629 in the 2020 United States census, while the population of the entire Tucson metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is 1,043,433. The Tucson MSA forms part of the larger Tucson-Nogales combined statistical area (CSA). Both Tucson and Phoenix anchor the Arizona Sun Corridor. The city is 108 miles (174 km) southeast of Phoenix and 60 mi (97 km) north of the U.S.–Mexico border. Tucson is the 34th largest city and the 53rd largest metropolitan area in the United States (2014).

Major incorporated suburbs of Tucson include Oro Valley and Marana northwest of the city, Sahuarita south of the city, and South Tucson in an enclave south of downtown. Communities in the vicinity of Tucson (some within or overlapping the city limits) include Casas Adobes, Catalina Foothills, Flowing Wells, Midvale Park, Tanque Verde, Tortolita, and Vail. Towns outside the Tucson metro area include Benson to the southeast, Catalina and Oracle to the north, and Green Valley to the south.

Tucson was founded as a military fort by the Spanish when Hugo O'Conor authorized the construction of Presidio San Agustín del Tucsón in 1775. It was included in the state of Sonora after Mexico gained independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821. In 1853, the United States acquired a 29,670 square miles (76,840 km2) region of present-day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico from Mexico under the Gadsden Purchase. Tucson served as the capital of the Arizona Territory from 1867 to 1877. Tucson was Arizona's largest city by population during the territorial period and early statehood, until it was surpassed by Phoenix by 1920. Nevertheless, population growth remained strong during the late 20th century. In 2017, Tucson was the first American city to be designated a "City of Gastronomy" by UNESCO.

Xihe County belongs to Longnan City, Gansu Province, located in the southeast of Gansu Province, the northern end of Longnan City, because of the ancient West and the state and the county name. In the Western Han Dynasty, he bought Wudu County in Luoyu (now Luoyu Town), Qiu Chi State in the two Jin dynasties, South Qinzhou in Luoyu in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and changed it into a state in the Western Wei Dynasty. After many changes, Minzhou was changed to Xihe Prefecture in the Southern Song Dynasty, and Xihe Prefecture became a county in the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty. Xihe County has jurisdiction over 16 towns and 4 townships, covering an area of 1861 square kilometers and a total population of 437633 (2015). Xihe County is located in the south of the West Qinling Mountains and the upper reaches of the Jialing River system in the Yangtze River Basin. It is a warm temperate semi-humid climate with four distinct seasons. Xihe County is known as the "precious rehabilitation zone". The natural resources are mainly represented by antimony ore, lead-zinc ore and Pinellia ternata and Zanthoxylum bungeanum.
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