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Tucson (/ˈtuːsɒn, tuːˈsɒn/; Spanish: Tucson, O'odham: Cuk-Ṣon) is a city in and the county seat of Pima County, Arizona, United States, and is home to the University of Arizona. It is the second largest city in Arizona behind Phoenix, with a population of 542,629 in the 2020 United States census, while the population of the entire Tucson metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is 1,043,433. The Tucson MSA forms part of the larger Tucson-Nogales combined statistical area (CSA). Both Tucson and Phoenix anchor the Arizona Sun Corridor. The city is 108 miles (174 km) southeast of Phoenix and 60 mi (97 km) north of the U.S.–Mexico border. Tucson is the 34th largest city and the 53rd largest metropolitan area in the United States (2014).

Major incorporated suburbs of Tucson include Oro Valley and Marana northwest of the city, Sahuarita south of the city, and South Tucson in an enclave south of downtown. Communities in the vicinity of Tucson (some within or overlapping the city limits) include Casas Adobes, Catalina Foothills, Flowing Wells, Midvale Park, Tanque Verde, Tortolita, and Vail. Towns outside the Tucson metro area include Benson to the southeast, Catalina and Oracle to the north, and Green Valley to the south.

Tucson was founded as a military fort by the Spanish when Hugo O'Conor authorized the construction of Presidio San Agustín del Tucsón in 1775. It was included in the state of Sonora after Mexico gained independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821. In 1853, the United States acquired a 29,670 square miles (76,840 km2) region of present-day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico from Mexico under the Gadsden Purchase. Tucson served as the capital of the Arizona Territory from 1867 to 1877. Tucson was Arizona's largest city by population during the territorial period and early statehood, until it was surpassed by Phoenix by 1920. Nevertheless, population growth remained strong during the late 20th century. In 2017, Tucson was the first American city to be designated a "City of Gastronomy" by UNESCO.

Zaozhuang, a prefecture-level city of Shandong Province, is located in the south of Shandong Province, bordering Pingyi County, Fei County and Lanling County of Linyi City in the east, Tongshan District, Jiawang District and Pizhou City, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province in the south, Weishan County in Jining City in the west, and Weishan Lake in the north. Zoucheng City, Jining City in the north. Between longitude 116o 48km east and latitude 34 °27km, the width is 56 km from east to west and 96 km from north to south, with a total area of 4563 square km, accounting for 2.97% of the total area of Shandong Province. Zaozhuang, the city's resident, formed a village in the Tang and Song dynasties. It was named Zaozhuang because of its many jujube trees. It was officially used after the city was established in 1961. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south, high in the east and low in the west, tilting from northeast to southwest. The hills account for 54.6% of the total area, and the plains account for about 54.6% of the total area.
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