• Tucson
  • Yaozhou District

Tucson (/ˈtuːsɒn, tuːˈsɒn/; Spanish: Tucson, O'odham: Cuk-Ṣon) is a city in and the county seat of Pima County, Arizona, United States, and is home to the University of Arizona. It is the second largest city in Arizona behind Phoenix, with a population of 542,629 in the 2020 United States census, while the population of the entire Tucson metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is 1,043,433. The Tucson MSA forms part of the larger Tucson-Nogales combined statistical area (CSA). Both Tucson and Phoenix anchor the Arizona Sun Corridor. The city is 108 miles (174 km) southeast of Phoenix and 60 mi (97 km) north of the U.S.–Mexico border. Tucson is the 34th largest city and the 53rd largest metropolitan area in the United States (2014).

Major incorporated suburbs of Tucson include Oro Valley and Marana northwest of the city, Sahuarita south of the city, and South Tucson in an enclave south of downtown. Communities in the vicinity of Tucson (some within or overlapping the city limits) include Casas Adobes, Catalina Foothills, Flowing Wells, Midvale Park, Tanque Verde, Tortolita, and Vail. Towns outside the Tucson metro area include Benson to the southeast, Catalina and Oracle to the north, and Green Valley to the south.

Tucson was founded as a military fort by the Spanish when Hugo O'Conor authorized the construction of Presidio San Agustín del Tucsón in 1775. It was included in the state of Sonora after Mexico gained independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821. In 1853, the United States acquired a 29,670 square miles (76,840 km2) region of present-day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico from Mexico under the Gadsden Purchase. Tucson served as the capital of the Arizona Territory from 1867 to 1877. Tucson was Arizona's largest city by population during the territorial period and early statehood, until it was surpassed by Phoenix by 1920. Nevertheless, population growth remained strong during the late 20th century. In 2017, Tucson was the first American city to be designated a "City of Gastronomy" by UNESCO.

Yaozhou District, which belongs to Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province, is located on the southern edge of the Weibei Plateau in central Shaanxi, southwest of Tongchuan City, Xunyi County in the north, Sanyuan County in the south, Wangyi District and Yintai District in Tongchuan City in the northeast, Fuping County in the southeast and Chunhua County in the southwest. It is between 10834 miles east longitude and 109 degrees 06 east longitude and 34 degrees 48 miles north latitude and 35 degrees 19 degrees north latitude, with a total area of 1617 square kilometers. Yaozhou District, known as Yaoxian in ancient times, is the natural gateway from Guanzhong to northern Shaanxi, known as "Beishan lock key" and "Guanfu lapel throat". Yaozhou has a long history and profound cultural heritage. It used to be the ruler of Kangshi in ancient times, with a history of more than 2160 years. It was Sun Simiao, a medical scientist in the Sui and Tang dynasties, Fu Xuan, a philosopher in the Western Jin Dynasty, Liu Gongquan, a calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, Linghu Deyi, a historian, and a landscape painter in the Northern Song Dynasty.
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