A mesa is an isolated, flat-topped elevation, ridge or hill, which is bounded from all sides by steep escarpments and stands distinctly above a surrounding plain. Mesas characteristically consist of flat-lying soft sedimentary rocks capped by a more resistant layer or layers of harder rock, e.g. shales overlain by sandstones. The resistant layer acts as a caprock that forms the flat summit of a mesa. The caprock can consist of either sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and limestone; dissected lava flows; or a deeply eroded duricrust. Unlike plateau, whose usage does not imply horizontal layers of bedrock, e.g. Tibetan Plateau, the term mesa applies exclusively to the landforms built of flat-lying strata. Instead, flat-topped plateaus are specifically known as tablelands.
Chunhua County, which belongs to Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, is located in the west of the central part of Shaanxi Province and the north of Xianyang City. It is located at 108 °18 degrees east longitude 108 °50 miles east longitude, 34 °43 degrees north latitude 35 °03'. It is connected to Xunyi in the north, Jingyang and Liquan in the south, Sanyuan and Yaoxian in the east, and Yongshou and Binxian in the west. Chunhua County is located in the hinterland of Sanqin, the sun of Jingshui, 75 kilometers away from Xi'an, Xianxian Expressway and 211 National Highway. In ancient times, Huangdi, the first ancestor of China, built a Ming court in Ganquan Mountain, built a tripod in Jingshan, offered sacrifices to the gods and ruled the world. The Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang dynasties are the capital of the capital, and they are famous all over Kyushu for their "three auxiliary famous cities". Chunhua has become an ancient land, with 324 historical relics and monuments, the rare "Dading of the Western Zhou Dynasty" in the country, the only grottoes carved in the third order of the Tang Dynasty in the world, and China.