A mesa is an isolated, flat-topped elevation, ridge or hill, which is bounded from all sides by steep escarpments and stands distinctly above a surrounding plain. Mesas characteristically consist of flat-lying soft sedimentary rocks capped by a more resistant layer or layers of harder rock, e.g. shales overlain by sandstones. The resistant layer acts as a caprock that forms the flat summit of a mesa. The caprock can consist of either sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and limestone; dissected lava flows; or a deeply eroded duricrust. Unlike plateau, whose usage does not imply horizontal layers of bedrock, e.g. Tibetan Plateau, the term mesa applies exclusively to the landforms built of flat-lying strata. Instead, flat-topped plateaus are specifically known as tablelands.
Hubin District is located in the west of Henan Province, the south bank of the middle reaches of the Yellow River, and the junction of Henan, Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces. It is known as the "Yellow River Golden Triangle". There are Yuncheng, Luoyang, Zhengzhou, Xi'an and other large and medium-sized cities. The county-level administrative region approved by the State Council in 1986, under the jurisdiction of Sanmenxia City, is the political, economic and cultural center of Sanmenxia City. Across the Yellow River from the north and Pinglu County in Shanxi Province, the Yellow River and Qinglong Jianhe are surrounded by the Yellow River in the west, north and south, the shape if the peninsula, and the name Lakeside because of its proximity to the Sanmenxia Reservoir. The total area of the lakeside area is 164 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 3 townships, 48 administrative villages and 7 streets. By 2016, the total population of the region was 332200, of which the urban population was 265000. On September 20, 2019, he won the honor of a national model greening unit.