A mesa is an isolated, flat-topped elevation, ridge or hill, which is bounded from all sides by steep escarpments and stands distinctly above a surrounding plain. Mesas characteristically consist of flat-lying soft sedimentary rocks capped by a more resistant layer or layers of harder rock, e.g. shales overlain by sandstones. The resistant layer acts as a caprock that forms the flat summit of a mesa. The caprock can consist of either sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and limestone; dissected lava flows; or a deeply eroded duricrust. Unlike plateau, whose usage does not imply horizontal layers of bedrock, e.g. Tibetan Plateau, the term mesa applies exclusively to the landforms built of flat-lying strata. Instead, flat-topped plateaus are specifically known as tablelands.
Jingshan, which is directly under the jurisdiction of Hubei Province and Jingmen City is in charge of county-level cities, and the observer of Wuhan City Circle, known as the "emerald in central Hubei", is located in the middle of Hubei Province, at the southern foot of Dahongshan, at the northern end of Jianghan Plain, Anlu and Yingcheng in the east, Tianmen City in the south, Zhongxiang City in the west, and Suizhou in the north, between 112 °43 °29 °E and 30 °42 °31 °27 °N. It is the only zone covered by the three strategic circles of "Wuhan City Circle", "Eco-cultural Tourism Circle of Western Hubei" and "China Agricultural Valley". Jingshan has a total area of 3520 square kilometers and has jurisdiction over 3 streets and 12 towns. by the end of 2017, the city had a total registered population of 730000, with a GDP of 37.324 billion yuan. Jingshan is located in central Hubei.