A mesa is an isolated, flat-topped elevation, ridge or hill, which is bounded from all sides by steep escarpments and stands distinctly above a surrounding plain. Mesas characteristically consist of flat-lying soft sedimentary rocks capped by a more resistant layer or layers of harder rock, e.g. shales overlain by sandstones. The resistant layer acts as a caprock that forms the flat summit of a mesa. The caprock can consist of either sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and limestone; dissected lava flows; or a deeply eroded duricrust. Unlike plateau, whose usage does not imply horizontal layers of bedrock, e.g. Tibetan Plateau, the term mesa applies exclusively to the landforms built of flat-lying strata. Instead, flat-topped plateaus are specifically known as tablelands.
Nanshan District, which belongs to Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, is located in the central and western part of Shenzhen City. The administrative area is adjacent to Chegong Temple and Futian District in the east, Anle Village and Chiwei Village in the west, Baoan District and Longhua District in the north, Shekou Port, Dachan Island and Neilingding Island in the south, Yuen long in Hong Kong in the southeast and Macao and Zhuhai in the southwest. The area covers an area of 187.47 square kilometers and the coastline is 43.7km long. Nanshan District is located in the subtropical zone, bordering the South China Sea, with a subtropical maritime climate. It is warm and humid in four seasons, high in the north and low in the south, with flat land, platform and hills alternating with each other, descending step by step from north to south. The main peaks are Yangtai Mountain, Tanglang Mountain, Danan Mountain and so on. As of 2016, Nanshan District has jurisdiction over 8 streets. In 2015, the permanent residents of the whole district