A mesa is an isolated, flat-topped elevation, ridge or hill, which is bounded from all sides by steep escarpments and stands distinctly above a surrounding plain. Mesas characteristically consist of flat-lying soft sedimentary rocks capped by a more resistant layer or layers of harder rock, e.g. shales overlain by sandstones. The resistant layer acts as a caprock that forms the flat summit of a mesa. The caprock can consist of either sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and limestone; dissected lava flows; or a deeply eroded duricrust. Unlike plateau, whose usage does not imply horizontal layers of bedrock, e.g. Tibetan Plateau, the term mesa applies exclusively to the landforms built of flat-lying strata. Instead, flat-topped plateaus are specifically known as tablelands.
Tuanfeng County, which belongs to Huanggang City, Hubei Province, is located in the eastern part of Hubei Province. It is located on the south wing of the Dabie Mountains, facing the Bahe River to the east and raising water and Shahe to the west, and adjacent to Ezhou City, Xinzhou District of Wuhan City, Huangzhou District of Huanggang City, Xishui County, Luotian County and Macheng City, between longitude 114o 47mm east longitude, 30 °35km north latitude, 44 km east-west horizontal width, 38 km north-south vertical length, with a total area of 833.11 square kilometers. Tuanfeng has a long history, which began in the Tang Dynasty and formed a market in the Song Dynasty. In history, the ancient town Tuanfeng has always been a place where soldiers must compete. Cao Cao once deployed troops in Wulin, and Zhu Yuanzhang defeated Chen Youren here. Always prosperous commerce, merchants gathered in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the market was prosperous, and it was one of the important commercial ports along the Yangtze River. The group style gave birth to the "one" of the Party.