A mesa is an isolated, flat-topped elevation, ridge or hill, which is bounded from all sides by steep escarpments and stands distinctly above a surrounding plain. Mesas characteristically consist of flat-lying soft sedimentary rocks capped by a more resistant layer or layers of harder rock, e.g. shales overlain by sandstones. The resistant layer acts as a caprock that forms the flat summit of a mesa. The caprock can consist of either sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and limestone; dissected lava flows; or a deeply eroded duricrust. Unlike plateau, whose usage does not imply horizontal layers of bedrock, e.g. Tibetan Plateau, the term mesa applies exclusively to the landforms built of flat-lying strata. Instead, flat-topped plateaus are specifically known as tablelands.
Wudi County, which belongs to Binzhou City, Shandong Province, is located in the northernmost part of Shandong Province, located on the coast, bordering Bohai Bay in the northeast, Zhanghua District in the southeast, Yangxin County in the south, Qingyun County in Dezhou City in the west, and Haixing County and Huanghua City in Hebei Province by Zhangwei River in the north. It is located between 37 °4 degrees north latitude and 38 degrees 16 miles north latitude and 118o 04 degrees east longitude, with a total area of 1961 square kilometers. Wudi County is the intersection of the two major economic zones of Beijing, Tianjin and Shandong Peninsula, known as "Hebei-Shandong hub" and "Qiyan fortress". It is not only the key area for the comprehensive development of the Yellow River Delta, but also the forward position for the construction of "Shandong at Sea". In 2018, Wudi County has jurisdiction over 2 streets and 10 towns with a total registered population of 456100, achieving regional gross domestic product (GDP).