• Mesa
  • Heshan District

A mesa is an isolated, flat-topped elevation, ridge or hill, which is bounded from all sides by steep escarpments and stands distinctly above a surrounding plain. Mesas characteristically consist of flat-lying soft sedimentary rocks capped by a more resistant layer or layers of harder rock, e.g. shales overlain by sandstones. The resistant layer acts as a caprock that forms the flat summit of a mesa. The caprock can consist of either sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and limestone; dissected lava flows; or a deeply eroded duricrust. Unlike plateau, whose usage does not imply horizontal layers of bedrock, e.g. Tibetan Plateau, the term mesa applies exclusively to the landforms built of flat-lying strata. Instead, flat-topped plateaus are specifically known as tablelands.

Heshan District, which belongs to Hebi City, Henan Province, is located at the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain in the north of Henan Province. It is named because of the ancient double cranes perched on the cliffs of Nanshan Mountain. It is bordered by Shilin Town, Shancheng District, Hebi City and Matoujian Township, Anyang City in the east, Linzhou City and Anyang County in the west, Lulou Township in Shancheng District, Anyang City in the south, and Longan District and Anyang County in Anyang City in the north. It is about 17.6km long from east to west and 15.8km wide from north to south, with a total area of 159square kilometers and a total population of 131000 (2013). In March 2019, it was listed as the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization district and county list.
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