• Mesa
  • Shangcai County

A mesa is an isolated, flat-topped elevation, ridge or hill, which is bounded from all sides by steep escarpments and stands distinctly above a surrounding plain. Mesas characteristically consist of flat-lying soft sedimentary rocks capped by a more resistant layer or layers of harder rock, e.g. shales overlain by sandstones. The resistant layer acts as a caprock that forms the flat summit of a mesa. The caprock can consist of either sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and limestone; dissected lava flows; or a deeply eroded duricrust. Unlike plateau, whose usage does not imply horizontal layers of bedrock, e.g. Tibetan Plateau, the term mesa applies exclusively to the landforms built of flat-lying strata. Instead, flat-topped plateaus are specifically known as tablelands.

Shangcai County is located in the southeast of Henan Province, belonging to Zhumadian City, 60 kilometers from east to west, with a total area of 1529 square kilometers and a total population of about 1.084 million (2010) is a plain agricultural county. Shangcai County is the seat of Ancient Cai State, the hometown of Li Si of Qin Xiang and Zhai Fangjin of Han Xiang, the ancestral land of Cai at home and abroad, and the birthplace of "Chongyang Culture". The eight scenic spots of Gucai have been listed as places of interest and historic sites under national protection. It was designated as the Historical and Cultural Landscape Tourism Development Zone in 1995. On January 25, 2019, he was selected as the national "Ping an Agricultural Machinery" demonstration county in 2018. In November 2019, it was selected into the second batch of counties (districts) for the construction of a water-saving society.
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