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Columbus (/kəˈlʌmbəs/) is the state capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Ohio. With a 2020 census population of 905,748, it is the 14th-most populous city in the U.S., the second-most populous city in the Midwest, after Chicago, and the third-most populous state capital. Columbus is the county seat of Franklin County; it also extends into Delaware and Fairfield counties. It is the core city of the Columbus metropolitan area, which encompasses 10 counties in central Ohio. The metropolitan area had a population of 2,138,926 in 2020, making it the largest entirely in Ohio[a] and 32nd-largest in the U.S.

Columbus originated as numerous Native American settlements on the banks of the Scioto River. Franklinton, now a city neighborhood, was the first European settlement, laid out in 1797. The city was founded in 1812 at the confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers, and laid out to become the state capital. The city was named for Italian explorer Christopher Columbus. The city assumed the function of state capital in 1816 and county seat in 1824. Amid steady years of growth and industrialization, the city has experienced numerous floods and recessions. Beginning in the 1950s, Columbus began to experience significant growth; it became the largest city in Ohio in land and population by the early 1990s. The 1990s and 2000s saw redevelopment in numerous city neighborhoods, including Downtown.

Sanmenxia, a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Henan Province, is located in the south golden triangle of the Yellow River at the junction of Henan, Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces. the landform is mainly mountains, hills and loess plateaus, belonging to a warm temperate continental monsoon semi-arid climate, with a total area of 10496 square kilometers. it has jurisdiction over 2 districts, 2 counties and 2 county-level cities, with a total population of 2.308 million in 2018. Sanmenxia is known as "five mountains, four ridges and one division of Sichuan", with Guanzhong in the west, Sanjin in the north and the Central Plains in the east. Longhai Railway, Lianhuo Expressway, National Highway 310, Zheng (Zhou) West ('an) High-speed Railway running from east to west, 209 National Highway, San (Menxia) Li (Sichuan) Expressway and Haoji Railway connect the north and south. It is a regional transportation hub city that connects Henan, Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, north to south, west to east. At the same time, Yangshao culture, Taoist culture and Guo culture are all
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