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Baltimore (/ˈbɔːltɪmɔːr/ BAWL-tim-or, locally: /bɔːldəˈmɔːr/ bawl-da-MOR or /ˈbɔːlmər/ BAWL-mər) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic, and the 30th most populous city in the United States with a population of 585,708 in 2020. Baltimore was designated an independent city by the Constitution of Maryland[a] in 1851, and today is the most populous independent city in the United States. As of 2021, the population of the Baltimore metropolitan area was estimated to be 2,838,327, making it the 20th largest metropolitan area in the country. Baltimore is located about 40 miles (64 km) north northeast of Washington, D.C., making it a principal city in the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area (CSA), the third-largest CSA in the nation, with a 2021 estimated population of 9,946,526.

Prior to European colonization, the Baltimore region was used as hunting grounds by the Susquehannock Native Americans, who were primarily settled further northwest than where the city was later built. Colonists from the Province of Maryland established the Port of Baltimore in 1706 to support the tobacco trade with Europe, and established the Town of Baltimore in 1729. The first printing press and newspapers were introduced to Baltimore by Nicholas Hasselbach and William Goddard respectively, in the mid-18th century.

The Battle of Baltimore was a pivotal engagement during the War of 1812, culminating in the failed British bombardment of Fort McHenry, during which Francis Scott Key wrote a poem that would become "The Star-Spangled Banner", which was eventually designated as the American national anthem in 1931. During the Pratt Street Riot of 1861, the city was the site of some of the earliest violence associated with the American Civil War.

Gansu, referred to as "Gan" or "long", is the provincial administrative region of the people's Republic of China and the capital of Lanzhou. It is located in northwest China, connecting Shaanxi to the east, Xinjiang to the west, Sichuan and Qinghai to the south, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia to the north, and Mongolia to the northwest. It is between 32 °11 miles north latitude 42 °57 miles north and 92 degrees 13 miles east longitude, covering a total area of 425800 square kilometers. The topography of Gansu is long and narrow, with complex and diverse landforms, including mountains, plateaus, flat rivers, river valleys, deserts and Gobi, surrounded by mountains and mountains, and the terrain inclines from southwest to northeast. Gansu is located in the confluence of the Loess Plateau, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Inner Mongolia Plateau. The climate types from south to north include subtropical monsoon climate, temperate monsoon climate, temperate continental arid climate and plateau.
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