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Baltimore (/ˈbɔːltɪmɔːr/ BAWL-tim-or, locally: /bɔːldəˈmɔːr/ bawl-da-MOR or /ˈbɔːlmər/ BAWL-mər) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic, and the 30th most populous city in the United States with a population of 585,708 in 2020. Baltimore was designated an independent city by the Constitution of Maryland[a] in 1851, and today is the most populous independent city in the United States. As of 2021, the population of the Baltimore metropolitan area was estimated to be 2,838,327, making it the 20th largest metropolitan area in the country. Baltimore is located about 40 miles (64 km) north northeast of Washington, D.C., making it a principal city in the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area (CSA), the third-largest CSA in the nation, with a 2021 estimated population of 9,946,526.

Prior to European colonization, the Baltimore region was used as hunting grounds by the Susquehannock Native Americans, who were primarily settled further northwest than where the city was later built. Colonists from the Province of Maryland established the Port of Baltimore in 1706 to support the tobacco trade with Europe, and established the Town of Baltimore in 1729. The first printing press and newspapers were introduced to Baltimore by Nicholas Hasselbach and William Goddard respectively, in the mid-18th century.

The Battle of Baltimore was a pivotal engagement during the War of 1812, culminating in the failed British bombardment of Fort McHenry, during which Francis Scott Key wrote a poem that would become "The Star-Spangled Banner", which was eventually designated as the American national anthem in 1931. During the Pratt Street Riot of 1861, the city was the site of some of the earliest violence associated with the American Civil War.

Shanyin County, a famous historical and cultural city, is a county under the jurisdiction of Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province, located in the north of Shanxi Province, between longitude 112 °25 mi 113 °04 east and latitude 39 °11 mi 39 °47 'north. It is adjacent to Ying County in the east, Pidai County in the south, Shuocheng in the west and Pinglu District II in the west, and borders Zuoyun, Youyu and Huairen in the north. The county has jurisdiction over 4 towns and 9 townships, with a total area of 1651 square kilometers and a total population of 241000 (at the end of 2018). County people's government in Daiyue town. The average annual temperature is about 7 ℃. In 2018, the GDP of the region reached 17.969 billion yuan. Shanyin County is rich in natural resources, mainly coal, which is a major coal-producing county, known as "coal township". On September 7, 2018, the Shanxi provincial government formally approved the withdrawal of the "provincial poverty-stricken county" of Shanyin County.
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