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Baltimore (/ˈbɔːltɪmɔːr/ BAWL-tim-or, locally: /bɔːldəˈmɔːr/ bawl-da-MOR or /ˈbɔːlmər/ BAWL-mər) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic, and the 30th most populous city in the United States with a population of 585,708 in 2020. Baltimore was designated an independent city by the Constitution of Maryland[a] in 1851, and today is the most populous independent city in the United States. As of 2021, the population of the Baltimore metropolitan area was estimated to be 2,838,327, making it the 20th largest metropolitan area in the country. Baltimore is located about 40 miles (64 km) north northeast of Washington, D.C., making it a principal city in the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area (CSA), the third-largest CSA in the nation, with a 2021 estimated population of 9,946,526.

Prior to European colonization, the Baltimore region was used as hunting grounds by the Susquehannock Native Americans, who were primarily settled further northwest than where the city was later built. Colonists from the Province of Maryland established the Port of Baltimore in 1706 to support the tobacco trade with Europe, and established the Town of Baltimore in 1729. The first printing press and newspapers were introduced to Baltimore by Nicholas Hasselbach and William Goddard respectively, in the mid-18th century.

The Battle of Baltimore was a pivotal engagement during the War of 1812, culminating in the failed British bombardment of Fort McHenry, during which Francis Scott Key wrote a poem that would become "The Star-Spangled Banner", which was eventually designated as the American national anthem in 1931. During the Pratt Street Riot of 1861, the city was the site of some of the earliest violence associated with the American Civil War.

Xianning, a prefecture-level city in Hubei Province, is located in the southeast of Hubei Province, on the south bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, bordering Hunan and Jiangxi. Known as "the south gate of Hubei", it is an important member of the Wuhan urban circle and the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River; mild climate, abundant precipitation, sufficient sunshine, four distinct seasons, long frost-free period; the terrain is high in the south and low in the north; under its jurisdiction: Xianan District, Tongcheng County, Tongshan County, Jiayu County, Chongyang County, Chibi City. The total population in 2017 is 2.5351 million. Xianning has won the China Human settlement Environment Model Award, the most suitable human settlement city in China, the charming city in China, the hot spring city in China, the ten most growing and innovative cities in China, and the second batch of renewable energy building application demonstration cities in China. Hubei Province, the first batch of low-carbon economy pilot cities, the first batch of national tourism standardization cities, national forest cities.
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