• Baltimore
  • Longshan County

Baltimore (/ˈbɔːltɪmɔːr/ BAWL-tim-or, locally: /bɔːldəˈmɔːr/ bawl-da-MOR or /ˈbɔːlmər/ BAWL-mər) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic, and the 30th most populous city in the United States with a population of 585,708 in 2020. Baltimore was designated an independent city by the Constitution of Maryland[a] in 1851, and today is the most populous independent city in the United States. As of 2021, the population of the Baltimore metropolitan area was estimated to be 2,838,327, making it the 20th largest metropolitan area in the country. Baltimore is located about 40 miles (64 km) north northeast of Washington, D.C., making it a principal city in the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area (CSA), the third-largest CSA in the nation, with a 2021 estimated population of 9,946,526.

Prior to European colonization, the Baltimore region was used as hunting grounds by the Susquehannock Native Americans, who were primarily settled further northwest than where the city was later built. Colonists from the Province of Maryland established the Port of Baltimore in 1706 to support the tobacco trade with Europe, and established the Town of Baltimore in 1729. The first printing press and newspapers were introduced to Baltimore by Nicholas Hasselbach and William Goddard respectively, in the mid-18th century.

The Battle of Baltimore was a pivotal engagement during the War of 1812, culminating in the failed British bombardment of Fort McHenry, during which Francis Scott Key wrote a poem that would become "The Star-Spangled Banner", which was eventually designated as the American national anthem in 1931. During the Pratt Street Riot of 1861, the city was the site of some of the earliest violence associated with the American Civil War.

Longshan County, which belongs to Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, is located in the northwest of Hunan, in the hinterland of Wuling Mountains, connecting Jing Chu and Ba Shu, which is called "the Confucius of Hunan, Hubei and Sichuan" in history. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south, steep in the east and gentle in the west, with towering mountains and undulating peaks, including Youshui, Lishui and its tributaries. The region belongs to the subtropical continental humid monsoon climate zone with four distinct seasons. In 2013, Longshan County has a total area of 3131 square kilometers and has jurisdiction over 34 townships (streets) and 462 villages (communities), with a total population of 590000. 16 ethnic minorities, such as Tujia and Miao, account for 71% of the total population. In 2015, Longshan County has jurisdiction over 5 townships, 12 towns and 4 streets. Longshan has Oolong Mountain Grand Canyon, Lotta Stone Forest, Taiping Mountain Forest Park and other natural scenery. Coal, quartz sand, purple sand pottery,
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