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Fresno (/ˈfrɛznoʊ/) is a major city in the San Joaquin Valley of California, United States. It is the county seat of Fresno County and the largest city in the greater Central Valley region. It covers about 115 square miles (300 km2) and had a population of 542,107 in 2020, making it the fifth-most populous city in California, the most populous inland city in California, and the 34th-most populous city in the nation. The Metro population of Fresno is 1,008,654 as of 2022.

Named for the abundant ash trees lining the San Joaquin River, Fresno was founded in 1872 as a railway station of the Central Pacific Railroad before it was incorporated in 1885. It has since become an economic hub of Fresno County and the San Joaquin Valley, with much of the surrounding areas in the Metropolitan Fresno region predominantly tied to large-scale agricultural production. Fresno is near the geographic center of California, approximately 220 miles (350 km) north of Los Angeles, 170 miles (270 km) south of the state capital, Sacramento, and 185 miles (300 km) southeast of San Francisco. Yosemite National Park is about 60 miles (100 km) to the north, Kings Canyon National Park 60 miles (100 km) to the east, and Sequoia National Park 75 miles (120 km) to the southeast.

Fresno is also the third-largest majority-Hispanic city in the United States; 50.5% of its population was Hispanic in 2020. Since 2010, statewide droughts in California have further strained both Fresno's and the entire Central Valley's water security.

Dongchuan District, belonging to Kunming City, Yunnan Province, is located in the northeast of Yunnan Province and the northernmost end of Kunming City, 150km away from Kunming, adjacent to Huize County, Qujing City, Yunnan Province in the east, Xundian County, Kunming City in the south, Luquan County, Kunming City in the west, Qiaojia County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province in the north, and across the Jinsha River from Huili County and Huidong County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province, with a total area of 1858.79 square kilometers. Dongchuan District is located on the northern edge of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with the highest elevation of 4344.1 meters, the lowest elevation of 695 meters, and the height difference of 3649.1 meters. Dongchuan District is rich in mineral resources and is one of the six major copper production bases in China. Jiaozi Snow Mountain is known as "the first mountain in central Yunnan". The Xiaojiang basin is a typical rainstorm and debris flow area in the world, which is called "the natural museum of debris flow". Both sides of the Xiaojiang River are Kunming.
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