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Fresno (/ˈfrɛznoʊ/) is a major city in the San Joaquin Valley of California, United States. It is the county seat of Fresno County and the largest city in the greater Central Valley region. It covers about 115 square miles (300 km2) and had a population of 542,107 in 2020, making it the fifth-most populous city in California, the most populous inland city in California, and the 34th-most populous city in the nation. The Metro population of Fresno is 1,008,654 as of 2022.

Named for the abundant ash trees lining the San Joaquin River, Fresno was founded in 1872 as a railway station of the Central Pacific Railroad before it was incorporated in 1885. It has since become an economic hub of Fresno County and the San Joaquin Valley, with much of the surrounding areas in the Metropolitan Fresno region predominantly tied to large-scale agricultural production. Fresno is near the geographic center of California, approximately 220 miles (350 km) north of Los Angeles, 170 miles (270 km) south of the state capital, Sacramento, and 185 miles (300 km) southeast of San Francisco. Yosemite National Park is about 60 miles (100 km) to the north, Kings Canyon National Park 60 miles (100 km) to the east, and Sequoia National Park 75 miles (120 km) to the southeast.

Fresno is also the third-largest majority-Hispanic city in the United States; 50.5% of its population was Hispanic in 2020. Since 2010, statewide droughts in California have further strained both Fresno's and the entire Central Valley's water security.

Jishou, referred to as Ji, is the prefecture-level administrative capital of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province. The city is adjacent to Luxi County in the southeast, Huayuan County in the northwest, Fenghuang County in the southwest and Baojing County and Guzhang County in the north. Jishou is located between latitude 28 °08 / 28 °29 'north and longitude 109 °30 / 110 °04' east. The total area is 1078.33 square kilometers, and the urban built-up area of Jishou City in 2018 covers an area of 38 square kilometers. Jishou is located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain, backed by Wuling Mountain. Jishou's climate is a typical subtropical monsoon humid climate. In 2018, Jishou City has jurisdiction over 1 township, 5 towns and 6 streets. At the end of 2018, the total registered population of Jishou City was 311600, an increase of 0.55% over the previous year, and the resident population was 358200, an increase of 3%.
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