• Fresno
  • Guanghan

Fresno (/ˈfrɛznoʊ/) is a major city in the San Joaquin Valley of California, United States. It is the county seat of Fresno County and the largest city in the greater Central Valley region. It covers about 115 square miles (300 km2) and had a population of 542,107 in 2020, making it the fifth-most populous city in California, the most populous inland city in California, and the 34th-most populous city in the nation. The Metro population of Fresno is 1,008,654 as of 2022.

Named for the abundant ash trees lining the San Joaquin River, Fresno was founded in 1872 as a railway station of the Central Pacific Railroad before it was incorporated in 1885. It has since become an economic hub of Fresno County and the San Joaquin Valley, with much of the surrounding areas in the Metropolitan Fresno region predominantly tied to large-scale agricultural production. Fresno is near the geographic center of California, approximately 220 miles (350 km) north of Los Angeles, 170 miles (270 km) south of the state capital, Sacramento, and 185 miles (300 km) southeast of San Francisco. Yosemite National Park is about 60 miles (100 km) to the north, Kings Canyon National Park 60 miles (100 km) to the east, and Sequoia National Park 75 miles (120 km) to the southeast.

Fresno is also the third-largest majority-Hispanic city in the United States; 50.5% of its population was Hispanic in 2020. Since 2010, statewide droughts in California have further strained both Fresno's and the entire Central Valley's water security.

Guanghan, a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Sichuan Province, is hosted by Deyang City. Known as Hanzhou in ancient times, also known as Yancheng, it is the first pilot county (city) in Sichuan to expand its power. It is 18 kilometers north of Jingyang District of Deyang City and 24 kilometers south of Chengdu City. It is located at the western foot of Longquan Mountains in the northeast of Chengdu Plain. Guanghan belongs to the humid climate zone in the middle subtropical zone of Sichuan Basin; it has jurisdiction over 9 townships and 3 streets with a total area of 538 square kilometers and has a registered population of 604000 in 2017. Guanghan is located in the core area of the hinterland of "the land of abundance". Since ancient times, it has been said that "the gate of Yizhou, the main thoroughfare of Shu province and the way to Beijing" is the north gate of Chengdu. Sanxingdui site in Guanghan is an ancient Shu cultural site about 5000 to 3000 years ago, which is regarded as one of the greatest archaeological discoveries of mankind in the 20th century, indicating the Yangtze River valley and the Yellow River.
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