• Fresno
  • Dunhuang

Fresno (/ˈfrɛznoʊ/) is a major city in the San Joaquin Valley of California, United States. It is the county seat of Fresno County and the largest city in the greater Central Valley region. It covers about 115 square miles (300 km2) and had a population of 542,107 in 2020, making it the fifth-most populous city in California, the most populous inland city in California, and the 34th-most populous city in the nation. The Metro population of Fresno is 1,008,654 as of 2022.

Named for the abundant ash trees lining the San Joaquin River, Fresno was founded in 1872 as a railway station of the Central Pacific Railroad before it was incorporated in 1885. It has since become an economic hub of Fresno County and the San Joaquin Valley, with much of the surrounding areas in the Metropolitan Fresno region predominantly tied to large-scale agricultural production. Fresno is near the geographic center of California, approximately 220 miles (350 km) north of Los Angeles, 170 miles (270 km) south of the state capital, Sacramento, and 185 miles (300 km) southeast of San Francisco. Yosemite National Park is about 60 miles (100 km) to the north, Kings Canyon National Park 60 miles (100 km) to the east, and Sequoia National Park 75 miles (120 km) to the southeast.

Fresno is also the third-largest majority-Hispanic city in the United States; 50.5% of its population was Hispanic in 2020. Since 2010, statewide droughts in California have further strained both Fresno's and the entire Central Valley's water security.

Dunhuang, hosted by Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, is located at the westernmost end of the Hexi Corridor and at the confluence of Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang provinces (regions). It is located between 92 °13 degrees east longitude and 95 °30 degrees east longitude, 39 °40 degrees north latitude and 41 °40 degrees north latitude, with a total area of 31200 square kilometers. Dunhuang is a node city of the Silk Road, famous for its "Dunhuang Grottoes" and "Dunhuang murals". It is the site of the World Heritage Mogao Grottoes and Yumengguan and Yangguan on the border of the Han Great Wall. In 2012, it was selected as one of the "Top 200 cities with Chinese characteristics" and is a famous historical and cultural city in China. In 2018, Dunhuang had nine towns, one farm and one base under its jurisdiction, with a total resident population of 191100 and a GDP of 98.78.
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