• Fresno
  • Qinghai

Fresno (/ˈfrɛznoʊ/) is a major city in the San Joaquin Valley of California, United States. It is the county seat of Fresno County and the largest city in the greater Central Valley region. It covers about 115 square miles (300 km2) and had a population of 542,107 in 2020, making it the fifth-most populous city in California, the most populous inland city in California, and the 34th-most populous city in the nation. The Metro population of Fresno is 1,008,654 as of 2022.

Named for the abundant ash trees lining the San Joaquin River, Fresno was founded in 1872 as a railway station of the Central Pacific Railroad before it was incorporated in 1885. It has since become an economic hub of Fresno County and the San Joaquin Valley, with much of the surrounding areas in the Metropolitan Fresno region predominantly tied to large-scale agricultural production. Fresno is near the geographic center of California, approximately 220 miles (350 km) north of Los Angeles, 170 miles (270 km) south of the state capital, Sacramento, and 185 miles (300 km) southeast of San Francisco. Yosemite National Park is about 60 miles (100 km) to the north, Kings Canyon National Park 60 miles (100 km) to the east, and Sequoia National Park 75 miles (120 km) to the southeast.

Fresno is also the third-largest majority-Hispanic city in the United States; 50.5% of its population was Hispanic in 2020. Since 2010, statewide droughts in California have further strained both Fresno's and the entire Central Valley's water security.

Qinghai Province, referred to as "Qing", is the provincial administrative region of the people's Republic of China and the capital of Xining. Located in the inland of northwest China, Qinghai is bounded by 31 °36 degrees north latitude, 39 °19 degrees north latitude, 89 °35 degrees east longitude, 103 °04 degrees east longitude, Gansu in the north and east, Xinjiang in the northwest, Tibet in the south and southwest, and Sichuan in the southeast. The overall topography of Qinghai Province is high in the west and low in the east, high in the north and south, low in the middle, high and steep in the west, tilting to the east, showing a ladder-shaped decline, and the eastern region is a transitional zone from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to the Loess Plateau, with complex topography and diverse landforms. The landforms of Qinghai Province are complex and diverse. More than 4/5 of the areas are plateaus, mountainous in the east and plateaus and basins in the west, with three landforms of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, inland arid basins and the Loess Plateau.
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