• Sacramento
  • chaling

Sacramento (/ˌsækrəˈmɛntoʊ/ SAK-rə-MEN-toh; Spanish: [sakɾaˈmento], Spanish for ''sacrament'') is the capital city of the U.S. state of California and the seat and largest city of Sacramento County. Located at the confluence of the Sacramento and American River in Northern California's Sacramento Valley, Sacramento's 2020 population of 524,943 makes it the sixth-largest city in California and the ninth-largest capital in the United States. Sacramento is the seat of the California Legislature and the Governor of California, making it the state's political center and a hub for lobbying and think tanks. It features the California State Capitol Museum.

Sacramento is also the cultural and economic core of the Greater Sacramento area, which at the 2020 census had a population of 2,680,831, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in California.

Before the arrival of the Spanish, the area was inhabited by the historic Nisenan, Maidu, and other indigenous peoples of California. Spanish cavalryman Gabriel Moraga surveyed and named the Río del Santísimo Sacramento (Sacramento River) in 1808, after the Blessed Sacrament. In 1839, Juan Bautista Alvarado, Mexican governor of Alta California, granted the responsibility of colonizing the Sacramento Valley to Swiss-born Mexican citizen John Augustus Sutter, who subsequently established Sutter's Fort and the settlement at the Rancho Nueva Helvetia. Following the American Conquest of California and the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, the waterfront developed by Sutter began to be developed, and incorporated in 1850 as the City of Sacramento.

Chaling County, which belongs to Zhuzhou City, is located in the east of Hunan Province. It extends to Changsha in the north, Guangzhou in the south, Hengyang in the west and Jiangxi in the east, covering an area of 2500 square kilometers (2013). It is located between longitude 113 °20 "113 °65" east and latitude 26 °30 "27 °7 'north. It belongs to the humid climate of subtropical monsoon. Chaling County is the only administrative county named after tea in Chinese history. Because it is located in the "shadow of the tea mountain", and the first ancestor of the Chinese nation, Yan Emperor Shennong, was buried at the end of the tea village. Because of the Southern Song Dynasty county magistrate Liu Zimai cast iron rhinoceros town river demon and has the reputation of "rhinoceros city". Chaling County is one of the six counties in the Jinggangshan revolutionary base area, and the key counties and model counties in the Hunan-Jiangxi revolutionary base area are the first red political power in China created by Mao Zedong. In August 2018, Hunan Provincial Government approved the reply.
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