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Sacramento (/ˌsækrəˈmɛntoʊ/ SAK-rə-MEN-toh; Spanish: [sakɾaˈmento], Spanish for ''sacrament'') is the capital city of the U.S. state of California and the seat and largest city of Sacramento County. Located at the confluence of the Sacramento and American River in Northern California's Sacramento Valley, Sacramento's 2020 population of 524,943 makes it the sixth-largest city in California and the ninth-largest capital in the United States. Sacramento is the seat of the California Legislature and the Governor of California, making it the state's political center and a hub for lobbying and think tanks. It features the California State Capitol Museum.

Sacramento is also the cultural and economic core of the Greater Sacramento area, which at the 2020 census had a population of 2,680,831, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in California.

Before the arrival of the Spanish, the area was inhabited by the historic Nisenan, Maidu, and other indigenous peoples of California. Spanish cavalryman Gabriel Moraga surveyed and named the Río del Santísimo Sacramento (Sacramento River) in 1808, after the Blessed Sacrament. In 1839, Juan Bautista Alvarado, Mexican governor of Alta California, granted the responsibility of colonizing the Sacramento Valley to Swiss-born Mexican citizen John Augustus Sutter, who subsequently established Sutter's Fort and the settlement at the Rancho Nueva Helvetia. Following the American Conquest of California and the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, the waterfront developed by Sutter began to be developed, and incorporated in 1850 as the City of Sacramento.

The new urban area, together with the national Urumqi High-tech Industrial Development Zone, implements & quot; District political Integration & quot; system, which belongs to Urumqi City of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region and is located in the northwest of Urumqi City. It is 14 km long from east to west and 9 km wide from north to south. The total area of the new urban area is 143sq km, with a total population of 379220 (2000). The new urban area has jurisdiction over 1 town, 4 townships and 13 streets, inhabited by 38 ethnic groups such as Han, Uygur and Hui. In the area under its jurisdiction, there are more than 500 units of the central government, autonomous regions, troops stationed in Ukraine, the Armed Police Force, the production and Construction Corps, and more than 20 scientific research institutes such as the Xinjiang Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Xinjiang Academy of Social Sciences. There are 33 colleges and universities, such as Xinjiang Medical University and Xinjiang University of Finance and Economics. The new urban area is the pass.
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