• Sacramento
  • Kaifeng

Sacramento (/ˌsækrəˈmɛntoʊ/ SAK-rə-MEN-toh; Spanish: [sakɾaˈmento], Spanish for ''sacrament'') is the capital city of the U.S. state of California and the seat and largest city of Sacramento County. Located at the confluence of the Sacramento and American River in Northern California's Sacramento Valley, Sacramento's 2020 population of 524,943 makes it the sixth-largest city in California and the ninth-largest capital in the United States. Sacramento is the seat of the California Legislature and the Governor of California, making it the state's political center and a hub for lobbying and think tanks. It features the California State Capitol Museum.

Sacramento is also the cultural and economic core of the Greater Sacramento area, which at the 2020 census had a population of 2,680,831, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in California.

Before the arrival of the Spanish, the area was inhabited by the historic Nisenan, Maidu, and other indigenous peoples of California. Spanish cavalryman Gabriel Moraga surveyed and named the Río del Santísimo Sacramento (Sacramento River) in 1808, after the Blessed Sacrament. In 1839, Juan Bautista Alvarado, Mexican governor of Alta California, granted the responsibility of colonizing the Sacramento Valley to Swiss-born Mexican citizen John Augustus Sutter, who subsequently established Sutter's Fort and the settlement at the Rancho Nueva Helvetia. Following the American Conquest of California and the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, the waterfront developed by Sutter began to be developed, and incorporated in 1850 as the City of Sacramento.

Kaifeng, known as Bianzhou and Bianliang in ancient times, is a prefecture-level city in Henan Province. It is a cultural tourism city approved by the State Council and one of the central cities in the core area of the Central Plains urban agglomeration. By 2018, the city had jurisdiction over five districts and four counties, with a total area of 6266 square kilometers, a built-up area of 129.93 square kilometers, a resident population of 4.5649 million, and an urban population of 2.23 million, with a urbanization rate of 48.9%. Kaifeng is located in the hinterland of the Central Plains, the shore of the Yellow River, adjacent to Zhengzhou in the west. Kaifeng Free Trade Zone is one of the three major free trade pilot zones in China (Henan). It is the first batch of famous national historical and cultural cities with a history of more than 4100 years, including Xia Dynasty, Wei State in the warring States period, Hou Liang, Hou Jin, Hou Han, Hou Zhou and Song Dynasty in the five dynasties.
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