• Sacramento
  • Shangluo City

Sacramento (/ˌsækrəˈmɛntoʊ/ SAK-rə-MEN-toh; Spanish: [sakɾaˈmento], Spanish for ''sacrament'') is the capital city of the U.S. state of California and the seat and largest city of Sacramento County. Located at the confluence of the Sacramento and American River in Northern California's Sacramento Valley, Sacramento's 2020 population of 524,943 makes it the sixth-largest city in California and the ninth-largest capital in the United States. Sacramento is the seat of the California Legislature and the Governor of California, making it the state's political center and a hub for lobbying and think tanks. It features the California State Capitol Museum.

Sacramento is also the cultural and economic core of the Greater Sacramento area, which at the 2020 census had a population of 2,680,831, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in California.

Before the arrival of the Spanish, the area was inhabited by the historic Nisenan, Maidu, and other indigenous peoples of California. Spanish cavalryman Gabriel Moraga surveyed and named the Río del Santísimo Sacramento (Sacramento River) in 1808, after the Blessed Sacrament. In 1839, Juan Bautista Alvarado, Mexican governor of Alta California, granted the responsibility of colonizing the Sacramento Valley to Swiss-born Mexican citizen John Augustus Sutter, who subsequently established Sutter's Fort and the settlement at the Rancho Nueva Helvetia. Following the American Conquest of California and the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, the waterfront developed by Sutter began to be developed, and incorporated in 1850 as the City of Sacramento.

Shangluo City, a prefecture-level city in Shaanxi Province, is located in the southeast of Shaanxi Province, at the southern foot of Qinling Mountains, on the border with Hubei and Henan provinces. It borders Lingbao, Lushi, Xixia and Xichuan counties and cities in Henan Province in the east; Yunyang District and Yunxi County in Shiyan City in Hubei Province in the south; Hanbin District, Ningshan and Xunyang in Ankang City, Shaanxi Province, and Chang'an District and Lantian County in Xi'an City in the west and southwest; and Tongguan, Huayin and Huazhou District in Weinan City, Shaanxi Province in the north. It is between longitude 108o 3420 "- 111o 1x 25" east and latitude 33o 230m-34o 24040 "north. It is about 229km from east to west and 138km from north to south, with a total area of 19292 square kilometers, accounting for 9.36 per cent of the total area of Shaanxi Province. Shangluo got its name from Shangshan and Luoshui in the territory, which began in the Han Dynasty and refers to Shangfu.
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